Improving water-use efficiency by decreasing stomatal conductance and transpiration rate to maintain higher ear photosynthetic rate in drought-resistant wheat
Improving water-use efficiency by decreasing stomatal conductance and transpiration rate to maintain higher ear photosynthetic rate in drought-resistant wheat
复制标题
通过降低气孔导度和蒸腾速率来提高水分利用效率，以保持抗旱小麦较高的穗光合速率
DOI：
10.1016/j.cj.2017.01.001
复制
发表时间：
2017-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Zhang, Suiqi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yuping;Li, Hongbin;Zhang, Suiqi
在干旱胁迫条件下，小麦穗是籽粒灌浆的主要光合因子之一。为了确定气孔特性与植物抗旱性之间的关系，以抗旱小麦品种‘长汉58’和抗旱小麦品种‘西农9871’为研究对象，对其光合特性、气孔特性和水分利用效率进行了研究。两个品种在盆栽条件下分别在水分充足（WW）和缺水（WS）条件下生长。在两种水分条件下，抽穗期与对照植株相比，‘长汉58’的穗部光合速率显著高于对照植株，蒸腾速率变异率显著低于对照植株。两种水分条件下，‘长汉58’的气孔密度（SD）较低，单位器官面积(A)较高。水分胁迫降低了旗叶（上、下表面）和穗部器官（芒、颖片、外稃和古叶）的SD、A和气孔宽度（SW），增加了气孔长度，且穗部器官的变化比旗叶明显。瞬时水分利用效率略有提高，整体水分利用效率显著提高。综合水分利用效率‘长汉58’高于‘西农9871’，且增幅较大。以上结果表明，‘长汉58’的抗旱性受气孔特性的调控，通过降低蒸腾速率来提高整体水分利用效率和光合性能，并通过维持较高的穗光合速率来增强整体抗旱性。(C) 2016中国作物科学学会，中国农业科学院作物科学研究所。制作和托管由爱思唯尔B.V.
In wheat, the ear is one of the main photosynthetic contributors to grain filling under drought stress conditions. In order to determine the relationship between stomatal characteristics and plant drought resistance, photosynthetic and stomatal characteristics and water use efficiency (WUE) were studied in two wheat cultivars: the drought-resistant cultivar 'Changhan 58' and the drought-sensitive cultivar 'Xinong 9871'. Plants of both cultivars were grown in pot conditions under well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) conditions. In both water regimes, 'Changhan 58' showed a significantly higher ear photosynthetic rate with a lower rate of variation and a significantly higher percentage variation of transpiration compared to control plants at the heading stage under WS conditions than did 'Xinong 9871' plants. Moreover, 'Changhan 58' showed lower stomatal density (SD) and higher stomatal area per unit organ area (A) under both water conditions. Water stress decreased SD, A, and stomatal width (SW), and increased stomatal length in flag leaves (upper and lower surfaces) and ear organs (awn, glume, lemma, and palea), with the changes more pronounced in ear organs than in flag leaves. Instantaneous WUE increased slightly, while integral WUE improved significantly in both cultivars. Integral WUE was higher in 'Changhan 58', and increased by a greater amount, than in 'Xinong 9871'. These results suggest that drought resistance in 'Changhan 58' is regulated by stomatal characteristics through a decrease in transpiration rate in order to improve integral WUE and photosynthetic performance, and through sustaining a higher ear photosynthetic rate, therefore enhancing overall drought-resistance. (C) 2016 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.