HIV/AIDS, conflict and security in Africa: rethinking relationships.
HIV/AIDS, conflict and security in Africa: rethinking relationships.
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DOI：
10.1186/1758-2652-11-3
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发表时间：
2008-09-22
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Kulkarni, Rick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becker, Joseph U;Theodosis, Christian;Kulkarni, Rick
冲突对艾滋病毒传播以及区域和全球安全的影响一直是最近许多讨论和辩论的主题。关于这些关系的许多长期持有的假设正在被重新考虑。长期以来，人们一直认为冲突在很大程度上助长了艾滋病毒感染的蔓延。然而，新的研究对这一假设提出了质疑。来自非洲的研究表明，冲突不一定会导致艾滋病毒传播，事实上，有证据表明，从艾滋病毒传播的角度来看，“冲突后”状态的恢复具有潜在的危险。此外，难民人口以前被认为是艾滋病毒传播的高度感染媒介。但根据新的调查，这种看法也正在重新考虑。此外，人们还担心，撒哈拉以南非洲许多军队中的艾滋病毒感染率很高，对区域安全构成威胁。然而，缺乏关于士兵中发病率急剧上升和对区域安全可能产生负面影响的数据。然而，艾滋病毒/艾滋病仍然是对本区域人口健康和经济福祉的严重威胁。这些问题对冲突中和“冲突后”社会的艾滋病毒方案拟订和保健部门发展至关重要，并将构成对国际社会的巨大挑战。为了更好地讨论撒哈拉以南非洲的艾滋病毒、冲突和安全问题，需要进一步的研究。
The effect of conflict on HIV transmission and regional and global security has been the subject of much recent discussion and debate. Many long held assumptions regarding these relationships are being reconsidered. Conflict has long been assumed to contribute significantly to the spread of HIV infection. However, new research is casting doubt on this assumption. Studies from Africa suggest that conflict does not necessarily predispose to HIV transmission and indeed, there is evidence to suggest that recovery in the "post-conflict" state is potentially dangerous from the standpoint of HIV transmission. As well, refugee populations have been previously considered as highly infected vectors of HIV transmission. But in light of new investigation this belief is also being reconsidered. There has additionally been concern that high rates of HIV infection among many of the militaries of sub-Saharan Africa poses a threat to regional security. However, data is lacking on both dramatically elevated prevalence amongst soldiers and a possible negative effect on regional security. Nevertheless, HIV/AIDS remain a serious threat to population health and economic well being in this region. These issues are of vital importance for HIV programming and health sector development in conflict and "post-conflict" societies and will constitute formidable challenges to the international community. Further research is required to better inform the discussion of HIV, conflict, and security in sub-Saharan Africa.