Anthocyanins in aged blueberry-fed rats are found centrally and may enhance memory
Anthocyanins in aged blueberry-fed rats are found centrally and may enhance memory
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DOI：
10.1080/10284150500078117
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Joseph, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andres-Lacueva, C;Shukitt-Hale, B;Joseph, JA
研究表明，含有高水平多酚（类黄酮）的水果和蔬菜显示出高的总抗氧化活性。我们的实验室发现，各种水果和蔬菜提取物，特别是蓝莓（1313），在喂养8周后，可有效逆转神经元信号和行为参数中与年龄相关的缺陷，这可能是由于其多酚含量。然而，目前尚不清楚这些植物营养素是否能够从膳食BB补充剂（BBS）直接进入大脑。本研究探讨了不同类别的多酚类物质是否可以发现在脑区与认知性能以下BBS。因此，给19个月大的F344大鼠喂食对照或2%BB饮食8-10周，并在Morris水迷宫（MWM）中进行测试，这是空间学习和记忆的测量。对BBS和对照大鼠的饮食中以及随后的不同脑区域中的花青素进行LC-MS分析。在BBS大鼠的小脑、皮质、海马或纹状体中发现了几种花青素（矢车菊素-3-O-β-半乳糖苷、矢车菊素-3-O-β-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-O-β-阿拉伯糖、锦葵素-3-O-β-半乳糖苷、锦葵素-3-O-β-葡萄糖苷、锦葵素-3-O-β-阿拉伯糖、芍药素-3-O-β-阿拉伯糖和飞燕草素-3-O-β-半乳糖苷），但在对照组中没有发现。这些发现首次表明多酚化合物能够穿过血脑屏障并定位于对学习和记忆重要的各种大脑区域。相关性分析揭示了BBS大鼠MWM表现与皮质中花青素化合物总数之间的关系。这些发现表明，这些化合物可能集中提供其抗氧化和信号调节能力。
Research has shown that fruits and vegetables containing high levels of polyphenolics (flavonoids) display high total antioxidant activity. Our laboratory found that various fruit and vegetable extracts, particularly blueberry (1313), were effective in reversing age-related deficits in neuronal signaling and behavioral parameters following 8 weeks of feeding, possibly due to their polyphenolic content. However, it was unclear if these phytonutrients were able to directly access the brain from dietary BB supplementation (BBS). The present study examined whether different classes of polyphenols could be found in brain areas associated with cognitive performance following BBS. Thus, 19 month old F344 rats were fed a control or 2% BB diet for 8-10 weeks and tested in the Morris water maze (MWM), a measure of spatial learning and memory. LC-MS analyses of anthocyanins in the diet and subsequently in different brain regions of BBS and control rats were carried out. Several anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-beta-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-beta-arabinose, malvidin-3-O-beta-galactoside, malvidin-3-O-beta-glucoside, malvidin-3-O-beta-arabinose, peonidin-3-O-beta-arabinose and delphinidin-3-O-beta-galactoside) were found in the cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus or striatum of the BBS rats, but not the controls. These findings are the first to suggest that polyphenolic compounds are able to cross the blood brain barrier and localize in various brain regions important for learning and memory. Correlational analyses revealed a relationship between MWM performance in BBS rats and the total number of anthocyanin compounds found in the cortex. These findings suggest that these compounds may deliver their antioxidant and signaling modifying capabilities centrally.