Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox
Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox
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DOI：
10.1038/nature02331
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发表时间：
2004-03-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Moss, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Earl, PL;Americo, JL;Moss, B
天花作为生物武器的潜在用途导致了天花疫苗的生产和储存以及一些医护人员的免疫接种。另一个公共卫生目标是获得更安全疫苗的许可，这种疫苗可以使数以百万计的人受益，因为他们或他们的接触者对严重疫苗副作用的敏感性增加，因此被建议不要服用当前疫苗(1)。由于无法再测试疫苗预防天花的能力，因此许可必须包括在非人类灵长类动物中进行比较免疫原性和保护性研究。在这里，我们在猴子模型中比较了高度减毒的改良痘苗病毒安卡拉 (MVA)(2) 与获得许可的 Dryvax 疫苗。在注射两剂 MVA 或注射一剂 MVA 后加 Dryvax 后，抗体结合和中和滴度以及 T 细胞反应与单独使用 Dryvax 诱导的结果相当或更高。在用猴痘病毒攻击后，未免疫的动物出现了500多个脓疱性皮肤损伤，并病情严重或死亡，而接种疫苗的动物则健康且无症状，除了仅用MVA免疫的动物中的少数短暂性皮肤损伤外。
The potential use of smallpox as a biological weapon has led to the production and stockpiling of smallpox vaccine and the immunization of some healthcare workers. Another public health goal is the licensing of a safer vaccine that could benefit the millions of people advised not to take the current one because they or their contacts have increased susceptibility to severe vaccine side effects(1). As vaccines can no longer be tested for their ability to prevent smallpox, licensing will necessarily include comparative immunogenicity and protection studies in non-human primates. Here we compare the highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)(2) with the licensed Dryvax vaccine in a monkey model. After two doses of MVA or one dose of MVA followed by Dryvax, antibody binding and neutralizing titres and T-cell responses were equivalent or higher than those induced by Dryvax alone. After challenge with monkeypox virus, unimmunized animals developed more than 500 pustular skin lesions and became gravely ill or died, whereas vaccinated animals were healthy and asymptomatic, except for a small number of transient skin lesions in animals immunized only with MVA.