The effect of climate change on carbon in Canadian peatlands
The effect of climate change on carbon in Canadian peatlands
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.03.012
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发表时间：
2006-10
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
C. Tarnócai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Tarnócai
泥炭地是加拿大景观的主要特征，覆盖面积约113.6万平方公里，占陆地面积的12%。大部分泥炭地（97%）位于北方湿地区（64%）和亚北极湿地区（33%）。由于它们覆盖的面积大，有机碳含量高，这些泥炭地含有约147 Gt的土壤碳，约占加拿大所有土壤中储存的有机碳的56%。泥炭地对气候变暖的敏感性估计模型被用来确定各种泥炭地面积和相关的有机碳质量的敏感性评级。计算表明，加拿大泥炭地总面积的约60%和所有加拿大泥炭地中有机碳质量的51%预计将受到气候变化的严重至极其严重的影响。据预测，到本世纪末，加拿大北方陆地年平均气温将上升3-5 °C，海洋年平均气温将上升5-7 °C，这将导致亚北极和北方北方湿地地区的冰冻泥炭地退化，并导致南方北方湿地地区严重干旱。此外，由于预计海平面将上升，沿海泥炭地预计将被洪水淹没。由于这些变化，预计将受到气候变化严重和极其严重影响的泥炭地中的很大一部分碳可能以二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4）的形式释放到大气中，这将进一步加剧气候变暖。
Peatlands, which are dominant features of the Canadian landscape, cover approximately 1.136 million km2, or 12% of the land area. Most of the peatlands (97%) occur in the Boreal Wetland Region (64%) and Subarctic Wetland Region (33%). Because of the large area they cover and their high organic carbon content, these peatlands contain approximately 147 Gt soil carbon, which is about 56% of the organic carbon stored in all Canadian soils. A model for estimating peatland sensitivity to climate warming was used to determine both the sensitivity ratings of various peatland areas and the associated organic carbon masses. Calculations show that approximately 60% of the total area of Canadian peatlands and 51% of the organic carbon mass in all Canadian peatlands is expected to be severely to extremely severely affected by climate change. The increase in average annual air temperature of 3–5 °C over land and 5–7 °C over the oceans predicted for northern Canada by the end of this century would result in the degradation of frozen peatlands in the Subarctic and northern Boreal wetland regions and severe drying in the southern Boreal Wetland Region. In addition, flooding of coastal peatlands is expected because of the predicted rise in sea levels. As a result of these changes, a large part of the carbon in the peatlands expected to be severely and extremely severely affected by climate change could be released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), which will further increase climate warming.