Interacting Stark localization dynamics in a three-dimensional lattice Bose gas
Interacting Stark localization dynamics in a three-dimensional lattice Bose gas
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.107.043325
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
L. Wadleigh;Nicholas G Kowalski;B. Demarco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Wadleigh;Nicholas G Kowalski;B. Demarco
我们测量了晶格玻色气体的热化动力学，它被一个抛物线势斯塔克定域。非平衡热密度分布是通过快速去除光屏障而产生的。由此产生的时空动态使用Mardia的$B$统计来解决，这是对整个密度分布形状敏感的度量。我们得出的结论是，我们采样的所有晶格势深度都达到了平衡，包括强相互作用和局域状态。然而，热化是缓慢的和非指数的，需要高达500隧道时间。通过与精确对角化计算的比较，我们表明Hubbard $U$项不负责热化，并且我们排除了通过改变激光波长由晶格光加热驱动的平衡。热化时间尺度与下一个近邻隧道时间相当，这表明可能需要一个连续的强相互作用理论来理解该系统中的平衡。
We measure the thermalization dynamics of a lattice Bose gas that is Stark localized by a parabolic potential. A non-equilibrium thermal density distribution is created by quickly removing an optical barrier. The resulting spatio-temporal dynamics are resolved using Mardia's $B$ statistic, which is a measure sensitive to the shape of the entire density distribution. We conclude that equilibrium is achieved for all lattice potential depths that we sample, including the strongly interacting and localized regime. However, thermalization is slow and non-exponential, requiring up to 500 tunneling times. We show that the Hubbard $U$ term is not responsible for thermalization via comparison to an exact diagonalization calculation, and we rule out equilibration driven by lattice-light heating by varying the laser wavelength. The thermalization timescale is comparable to the next-nearest-neighbor tunneling time, which suggests that a continuum, strongly interacting theory may be needed to understand equlibration in this system.