AGE EFFECTS ON LINGUAL PRESSURE GENERATION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR DYSPHAGIA
AGE EFFECTS ON LINGUAL PRESSURE GENERATION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR DYSPHAGIA
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/50a.5.m257
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
LUSCHEI, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ROBBINS, J;LEVINE, R;LUSCHEI, E
背景舌头活动在吞咽的口腔和咽部阶段都起着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中，最大的舌等长和吞咽压力进行了量化，在两组健康男性调查可能的年龄对性能的影响。还获得了大脑的磁共振图像，以检查与年龄相关的解剖学变化和吞咽功能之间的关系。压力记录在三个舌网站（尖端，叶片，和背）在最大的等距任务，并在唾液吞咽。任务顺序是随机的，受试者在每个放置部位进行三次试验。另外，10名年轻受试者中的9名（平均年龄= 25岁）和所有15名老年受试者（平均年龄= 75岁）获得了t2加权MRI。年轻受试者在舌根部位的最大等长压力显著更大（p = 0.002），而两个年龄组的峰值吞咽压力保持相似。受试者内最大等长收缩压与吞咽压力（一种储备能力的测量）的比较显示，老年组的舌根差异评分降低（p = 0.02）。与年轻受试者相比，老年受试者的脑萎缩（p = .001）和脑室周围白色病变的发生率（p = .0001）显著增加。虽然吞咽压力在整个生命周期中保持相似，但总体压力储备随着年龄的增长而下降。其影响是：（a）老年人可能更努力地工作以产生足够的吞咽压力，以及（B）与年龄有关的疾病可能使老年患者面临更高的吞咽困难风险，从而使恢复更加复杂。
Background. Tongue activity plays a crucial role in both oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing. In this study, maximum lingual isometric and swallowing pressures were quantified in two groups of healthy men to investigate possible age effects on performance. Magnetic resonance images of the brain were also obtained to examine the relationship between age-related anatomical changes and swallowing function.Methods. Pressures were recorded at three lingual sites (tip, blade, and dorsum) during a maximal isometric task and during saliva swallows. Task order was randomized, and subjects performed three trials per placement site. Additionally, t2-weighted MRIs were obtained on 9 of the 10 young subjects (mean age = 25 years) and all 15 older subjects (mean age = 75 years).Results. Maximal isometric pressures were significantly greater for younger subjects at the tongue blade site (p = .002), whereas peak swallowing pressures remained similar across both age groups. Within-subject comparisons of maximum isometric to swallowing pressures, a measure of reserve capacity, revealed reduced difference scores at the tongue blade in the older group (p = .02). Older subjects exhibited significantly more cerebral atrophy (p = .001) and greater incidence of periventricular white matter lesions (p = .0001) than did younger subjects.Conclusions. While swallowing pressures remain similar across the life span, overall pressure reserve declines with age. The implications are: (a) older people may be working harder to produce adequate swallowing pressures, and (b) age-related illness may put geriatric patients at higher risk for dysphagia, thus further complicating recovery.