Effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on the US Emergency Medical Services System: A Preliminary Report
Effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on the US Emergency Medical Services System: A Preliminary Report
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DOI：
10.1111/acem.14051
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发表时间：
2020-07-07
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Mann, N. Clay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lerner, E. Brooke;Newgard, Craig D.;Mann, N. Clay
背景我们的目标是量化2019冠状病毒病疫情在美国蔓延的影响下紧急医疗服务（EMS）事件的趋势，并确定EMS参与的死亡人数是否增加。方法我们对来自国家EMS信息系统的数据进行了为期3年的回顾性队列比较分析。如果在次年的第40周和第21周之间提供护理，并在3年内进行比较，则纳入数据。我们纳入了通过9-1-1确定的与患者接触的事件。每周EMS事件的总数被用作分母来计算患者死亡率和可能的伤害。我们评估了时间和季节趋势。从2020年第10周开始，与前几周和前几年同期相比，美国的EMS激活数量有所减少。第10周至第16周之间的激活次数减少了140，292或26.1%。在2020年的第11周至第15周，EMS激活报告患者死亡处置的比例几乎翻了一番（占所有激活的1.49%-2.77%）。在第10周和第13周之间，记录可能损伤的EMS激活数量从18.43%下降到15.27%。结论我们发现，在COVID-19爆发的早期，美国各地的EMS响应数量显著减少。与此同时，EMS护理的死亡率翻了一番，而受伤率下降了。
Background Our objective was to quantify trends in emergency medical services (EMS) incidents as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the United States and to determine if there was an increase in EMS-attended deaths. Methods We conducted a 3-year comparative retrospective cohort analysis of data from the National EMS Information System. Data were included if care was provided between the 40th and 21st weeks of the next year and compared over 3 years. We included incidents identified through 9-1-1 where patient contact was made. The total number of EMS incidents per week was used as the denominator to calculate the rate of patient deaths and possible injury. We assessed for temporal and seasonal trends. Results Starting in the 10th week of 2020 there was a decrease in the number of EMS activations in the United States compared to the prior weeks and the same time period in previous years. The number of activations between week 10 and week 16 decreased by 140,292 or 26.1%. The portion of EMS activations reporting a patient disposition of death nearly doubled between the 11th and 15th weeks of 2020 (1.49%-2.77% of all activations). The number of EMS activations documenting a possible injury decreased from 18.43% to 15.27% between weeks 10 and 13. Conclusion We found that early in the COVID-19 outbreak there was a significant decrease in the number of EMS responses across the United States. Simultaneously the rate of EMS-attended death doubled, while the rate of injuries decreased.