Semantic (verbal) and figural memory impairment in alcoholics.
Semantic (verbal) and figural memory impairment in alcoholics.
复制标题
酗酒者的语义（言语）和图形记忆障碍。
DOI：
10.1080/01688638708405053
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yohman,JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nixon,SJ;Kujawski,A;Parsons,OA;Yohman,JR
在两项独立的研究中，用韦氏记忆量表（罗素方法）测量的情景语义（言语）和图形记忆能力在中年男性戒酒者和对照组中进行了比较。两项研究都得出了类似的结论。与对照组相比，酗酒者在即时回忆和30分钟延迟回忆中都能回忆起更少的语言和图形材料。与预期相反，与对照组相比，酗酒者对图形材料的差异缺陷并不比口头材料大，对延迟记忆的差异缺陷也没有比即时记忆大。在延迟测试中回忆的材料百分比，当作为立即回忆材料数量的函数时，两组在语义或图形任务中都没有差异。因此，酗酒者和对照组的遗忘率是相等的，这表明酗酒者的缺陷在于最初的习得过程。这种缺陷是在编码过程中还是在初始检索过程中仍有待研究。最后给出了对未来研究的启示。
In two separate studies, episodic semantic (verbal) and figural-memory abilities as measured by the Wechsler Memory Scale (Russell Method) are compared in middle-aged detoxified male alcoholics and controls. Both studies gave rise to similar findings. Alcoholics recalled significantly less verbal and figural material at both immediate recall and 30-min delayed recall than did the controls. Contrary to expectation, compared to controls, alcoholics did not have a greater differential deficit for the figural material as compared with the verbal or a greater differential deficit on delayed than on immediate memory. The percentage of material recalled at the delayed testing, when taken as a function of the amount of material recalled immediately, did not differ for the two groups on the semantic or figural tasks in either study. Thus, rates of forgetting were equivalent in alcoholics and controls suggesting that the alcoholics' deficit lies in the initial acquisition process. Whether that deficit is in encoding or initial retrieval processes remains to be investigated. Implications for future research are given.