Young citizen sensors for managing large carnivores: Lessons from 40?years of monitoring a brown bear population
Young citizen sensors for managing large carnivores: Lessons from 40?years of monitoring a brown bear population
复制标题
用于管理大型食肉动物的年轻公民传感器：40 年监测棕熊种群的经验教训
DOI：
10.1111/csp2.484
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Nakamura Futoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takinami Hiroto;Ishiyama Nobuo;Takafumi Hino;Kubo Takahiro;Tomita Kanji;Tsujino Muku;Nakamura Futoshi
大型食肉动物会遇到来自人类活动的各种威胁。为了实现人与食肉动物的共存，迫切需要检测食肉动物物种的种群趋势，并在监测的基础上实施管理政策。我们展示了年轻公民如何在政府政策变化(即取消春季扑杀)后，帮助揭示棕熊场标志发现率的长期趋势。我们使用了日本北部志愿者大学生收集的40年田野标志数据集，并使用状态空间模型对结果数据进行了分析。春季扑杀对有田间征兆的网格数产生了显著的负面影响；1976年至1990年，春季扑杀压力下的检测率从19%下降到0%。然而，1990年取消春季扑杀对带有田间标志的网格数量产生了显著的积极影响；1991年至2015年期间，检测率从0上升到13%，这表明政府的政策变化对受到威胁的棕熊种群产生了强烈影响。结构化监测计划、监测目标的简单性和/或吸引力可确保以公民为基础的监测的数据质量和持续时间。这些发现表明，让大学生参与开发对大型食肉动物种群的可持续监测并支持野生动物管理的潜力很大。
Large carnivores encounter various threats from human activities. Population trend detection among carnivore species and implementation of management policies based on monitoring are urgently needed for human–carnivore coexistence. We demonstrate how young citizens have helped reveal long‐term trends in brown bear field sign detection rates following a government policy change (i.e., abolishment of the spring cull). We used a 40‐year dataset of field signs collected by volunteer college students in northern Japan and analyzed the resulting data using state‐space models. The spring cull had a significant negative impact on the number of grids with field signs; the detection rate under spring cull pressure declined from 19 to 0% between 1976 and 1990. However, abolishment of the spring cull in 1990 had a significant positive effect on the number of grids with field signs; the detection rate increased from 0 to 13% between 1991 and 2015, suggesting that the government policy change strongly affected the threatened brown bear population. Structured monitoring schemes, simplicity and/or attractiveness in monitoring targets may ensure the data quality and duration of citizen‐based monitoring. These findings suggest a high potential for engaging college students in developing sustainable monitoring of large carnivore populations and in supporting wildlife management.