Active Smarter Kids (ASK): Rationale and design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of daily physical activity on children's academic performance and risk factors for non-communicable diseases
Active Smarter Kids (ASK): Rationale and design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of daily physical activity on children's academic performance and risk factors for non-communicable diseases
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-015-2049-y
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发表时间：
2015-07-28
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Anderssen, Sigmund A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Resaland, Geir K.;Moe, Vegard Fusche;Anderssen, Sigmund A.
背景：基于学校的研究越来越多的证据表明，体育锻炼可能有益于孩子的学习成绩。然而，需要高质量的研究来支持这一点。因此，积极智能儿童(ASK)研究的主要目的是调查日常体育活动对儿童学习成绩的影响。由于体力活动和学习成绩之间关系的复杂性，确定中介和调节变量非常重要，如认知功能、健康、肥胖、运动技能和生活质量(QOL)。此外，与生活方式有关的非传染性疾病的高流行率也引起了全球的关注。应对这一挑战的最佳手段可能是通过初级预防。众所周知，体育活动在预防一系列非传染性疾病方面发挥着关键作用。因此，作为次要目标，我们调查了干预对非传染性疾病相关危险因素的影响。本研究的目的是描述ASK研究的设计、ASK干预以及我们用来评估ASK干预对五年级儿童效果的方法的范围和细节。方法与设计：ASK研究是一项整群随机对照试验，包括来自挪威索根和Fjordane县57所学校(28所干预学校；29所对照学校)的1145名5年级学生(10岁)。这占可能招聘总人数的95.3%。所有57所参与学校的儿童都参加了规定的体育活动干预课程(每周体育课90分钟，每周体育活动45分钟；每周135分钟)。此外，干预学校的儿童还参加了ASK干预模式(每周165分钟)，即每周总共进行300分钟的体育活动。ASK研究从2014年11月到2015年6月，历时7个月。我们使用挪威教育和培训局提供的挪威国家考试来评估阅读、算术和英语方面的学业表现。我们在基线、中点和干预结束时客观地评估体力活动。所有其他变量在基线和干预后进行测量。此外，我们使用质的方法来深入了解儿童在干预过程中的具体体验和教学过程。讨论：如果成功，ASK可以提供强有力的证据，证明身体活动和学习成绩之间的关系，这可能会为小学的学习过程提供潜在的信息。学校也可被确定为预防非传染性疾病的大规模公共卫生倡议的有效场所。
Background: Evidence is emerging from school-based studies that physical activity might favorably affect children's academic performance. However, there is a need for high-quality studies to support this. Therefore, the main objective of the Active Smarter Kids (ASK) study is to investigate the effect of daily physical activity on children's academic performance. Because of the complexity of the relation between physical activity and academic performance it is important to identify mediating and moderating variables such as cognitive function, fitness, adiposity, motor skills and quality of life (QoL). Further, there are global concerns regarding the high prevalence of lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The best means to address this challenge could be through primary prevention. Physical activity is known to play a key role in preventing a host of NCDs. Therefore, we investigated as a secondary objective the effect of the intervention on risk factors related to NCDs. The purpose of this paper is to describe the design of the ASK study, the ASK intervention as well as the scope and details of the methods we adopted to evaluate the effect of the ASK intervention on 5th grade children.Methods & design: The ASK study is a cluster randomized controlled trial that includes 1145 fifth graders (aged 10 years) from 57 schools (28 intervention schools; 29 control schools) in Sogn and Fjordane County, Norway. This represents 95.3 % of total possible recruitment. Children in all 57 participating schools took part in a curriculumprescribed physical activity intervention (90 min/week of physical education (PE) and 45 min/week physical activity, in total; 135 min/week). In addition, children from intervention schools also participated in the ASK intervention model (165 min/week), i.e. a total of 300 min/week of physical activity/PE. The ASK study was implemented over 7 months, from November 2014 to June 2015. We assessed academic performance in reading, numeracy and English using Norwegian National tests delivered by The Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training. We assessed physical activity objectively at baseline, midpoint and at the end of the intervention. All other variables were measured at baseline and post-intervention. In addition, we used qualitative methodologies to obtain an in-depth understanding of children's embodied experiences and pedagogical processes taking place during the intervention.Discussion: If successful, ASK could provide strong evidence of a relation between physical activity and academic performance that could potentially inform the process of learning in elementary schools. Schools might also be identified as effective settings for large scale public health initiatives for the prevention of NCDs.