How Performance-Contingent Reward Prospect Modulates Cognitive Control: Increased Cue Maintenance at the Cost of Decreased Flexibility
How Performance-Contingent Reward Prospect Modulates Cognitive Control: Increased Cue Maintenance at the Cost of Decreased Flexibility
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DOI：
10.1037/xlm0000397
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Dreisbach, Gesine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hefer, Carmen;Dreisbach, Gesine
越来越多的证据表明，奖励前景通过增加背景或线索维持来促进认知稳定性。在三个实验中，使用不同版本的AX-连续操作任务，我们调查了这种奖励效应是否以认知灵活性降低为代价。实验一表明，即使在奖赏不再可用的情况下，奖赏诱导的线索保持的增加仍然存在。实验2表明，这种奖赏效应不仅在奖赏撤销的情况下存活下来，而且还延迟了对改变的任务条件的适应，从而使线索使用不适应。最后，在实验3中，实验结果表明，这种适应灵活性的降低在要求更高的AX-连续操作任务的修改版本中被观察到，并且在持续奖励的条件下甚至更强。综上所述，所有三个实验都表明，奖励的前景会增加线索的维持性，从而提高认知稳定性。然而，这种认知稳定性的提高是以降低灵活性为代价的，即延迟适应新的奖励和任务条件。
Growing evidence suggests that reward prospect promotes cognitive stability in terms of increased context or cue maintenance. In 3 Experiments, using different versions of the AX-continuous performance task, we investigated whether this reward effect comes at the cost of decreased cognitive flexibility. Experiment 1 shows that the reward induced increase of cue maintenance perseverates even when reward is no longer available. Experiment 2 shows that this reward effect not only survives the withdrawal of reward but also delays the adaptation to changed task conditions that make cue usage maladaptive. And finally in Experiment 3, it is shown that this reduced flexibility to adapt is observed in a more demanding modified version of the AX-continuous performance task and is even stronger under conditions of sustained reward. Taken together, all 3 Experiments thus speak to the idea that the prospect of reward increases cue maintenance and thereby cognitive stability. This increased cognitive stability however comes at the cost of decreased flexibility in terms of delayed adaptation to new reward and task conditions.