Risk factors for depression and anxiety in abstainers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers
Risk factors for depression and anxiety in abstainers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1360-0443.2000.9512183312.x
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Jacomb, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodgers, B;Korten, AE;Jacomb, PA
目标。确定在戒酒者中比在适度饮酒者中更普遍的抑郁和焦虑的危险因素，并评估它们对抑郁和焦虑与饮酒之间U型关系的贡献。设计。横断面总体样本。设置。澳大利亚堪培拉。与会者。2725名受试者完成了问卷调查，其中男性1128名，女性1258名，年龄在18-59岁之间。尺寸。审计数量/频率项目中的消费类别：(1)不饮酒者(过去一年不饮酒)，(2)偶尔饮酒者(每月或更少)，(3)较低饮酒者(男性每周最多14杯标准饮酒，女性最多7杯标准饮酒)，(4)较高饮酒者(每周最多28杯和14杯标准饮酒)，以及(5)危险或有害饮酒者(每周分别超过28杯和14杯标准饮酒)。Goldberg和DSSI/悲伤抑郁和焦虑量表。一系列人口、社会经济、社会环境和个性因素。调查结果。不饮酒的人比饮酒水平较低的人更有可能拥有低地位的职业、低学历、目前的经济困难、较差的社会支持和最近的压力生活事件，在外向、寻求乐趣和开车方面得分较低。这些特征中的许多也适用于危险/有害的饮酒者。在多变量模型中，这些风险因素在很大程度上解释了不饮酒者和偶尔饮酒者相对于低水平饮酒者较高的抑郁和焦虑得分。结论。戒酒者有一系列已知的特征，与焦虑、抑郁和其他方面的健康不良有关，这些因素可能会显著导致他们抑郁和焦虑水平的上升。
Aims. To identify risk factors for depression and anxiety that are more prevalent in abstainers than in moderate drinkers and to estimate their contribution to U-shaped relationships of depression and anxiety with alcohol consumption. Design. Cross-sectional general population sample. Setting. Canberra, Australia. Participants. 2725 subjects completed questionnaires, including 1128 men and 1258 women aged 18-59 years. Measurements. Consumption categories from AUDIT quantity/frequency items: (1) non-drinkers (no alcohol in the past year), (2) occasional drinkers (monthly or less), (3) lower-level drinkers (up to 14 standard drinks per week for men and seven for women), (4) higher-level drinkers (up to 28 and 14 standard drinks per week, respectively), and (5) those drinking at hazardous or harmful levels (over 28 and 14 standard drinks per week, respectively). Goldberg and DSSI/sAD depression and anxiety scales. A range of demographic, socio-economic, socio-environmental and personality factors. Findings. Non-drinkers were more likely than lower-level drinkers to have low status occupations, poor education, current financial hardship, poor social support and recent stressful life events, and scored lower on extraversion, fun-seeking and drive. Many of these characteristics also applied to hazardous/harmful drinkers. In multivariate models, these risk factors accounted for a substantial parr of the higher depression and anxiety scores of non-drinkers and occasional drinkers relative to lower-level drinkers. Conclusions. Abstainers have a range of characteristics known to be associated with anxiety, depression and other facets of ill health, and these factors may contribute significantly to their elevated levels of depression and anxiety.