Alternative grant models might perpetuate Black–White funding gaps
Alternative grant models might perpetuate Black–White funding gaps
复制标题
替代性资助模式可能会导致黑人与白人之间的资金缺口长期存在
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32018-3
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Erosheva, Elena A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Carole J;Grant, Sheridan;Erosheva, Elena A
黑人生命的白色外套和# ShutDownSTEM运动激励了生物医学从业者和研究人员消除制度性和系统性的种族主义，包括黑人研究人员在生物医学和科学，技术，工程和数学方面面临的障碍。在我们对美国国立卫生研究院研究项目赠款的黑人-白色资金缺口的研究中，我们发现黑人申请人的总体获奖率是白色申请人的55%。1.如何在提高效率的同时使分配研究补助金的制度更加公平？有些人主张通过部分抽签的方式来资助提案：获奖者是从通过一轮同行评审的申请中随机选出的，该评审旨在挑选最弱的提案。[2]希望这种方法能够“消除或至少减轻”偏见。[2]我们的观点是，彩票仍然会无意中使明显的种族差异永久化。我们的研究发现，即使在意义，研究者，创新，方法和环境的初步标准得分中，也存在黑白差异，这解释了初步总体影响得分的差异。2这些总分数确定了哪些提案在小组讨论之前被放弃，“对资金缺口做出最大单一贡献的决定点”。3因此，
The White Coats for Black Lives and# ShutDownSTEM movements have galvanised biomedical practitioners and researchers to eliminate institutional and systematic racism, including barriers faced by Black researchers in biomedicine and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. In our study on Black–White funding gaps for National Institutes of Health Research Project grants, we found that the overall award rate for Black applicants is 55% of that for white applicants. 1 How can systems for allocating research grant funding be made more fair while improving their efficiency? Some have argued for funding proposals by partial lottery: winners are chosen randomly among applications that pass a round of peer review designed to cull the weakest proposals. 2 The hope is that this approach would “eliminate or at least alleviate” bias. 2 Our view is that lotteries can still unintentionally perpetuate notable racial disparities. Our study finds Black–White disparities, even in the preliminary criterion scores for Significance, Investigator, Innovation, Approach, and Environment, which explain disparities in preliminary overall impact scores. 2 These overall scores establish which proposals are dropped before panel discussion,“the decision point that makes the largest single contribution to the funding gap”. 3 Thus,
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Erosheva, Elena A.;Grant, Sheridan;Lee, Carole J.
通讯作者：
Lee, Carole J.
DOI：
10.1001/jama.2014.6932
发表时间：
2014-08-06
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
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作者：
Ioannidis JP;Khoury MJ
通讯作者：
Khoury MJ