Neuroticism Predicts Subsequent Risk of Major Depression for Whites but Not Blacks
Neuroticism Predicts Subsequent Risk of Major Depression for Whites but Not Blacks
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DOI：
10.3390/bs7040064
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Assari, Shervin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Assari, Shervin
文化和种族差异的心理社会和医疗相关的负面影响是有据可查的。本研究旨在比较黑人和白人基线神经质（N）对25年后重度抑郁发作（MDD）后续风险的预测作用。数据来自1986-2011年美国人改变生活（ACL）研究。我们使用了1219名个体（847名白人和372名黑人）的数据，这些个体在1986年有基线N数据，在2011年有未来MDD数据。感兴趣的主要预测因素是基线N，在1986年使用三个项目进行测量。主要结局是2011年使用复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）测量的12个月MDD。协变量包括基线人口统计学（年龄和性别）、社会经济学（教育和收入）、抑郁症状[流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）]、压力、健康行为（吸烟和饮酒）和1986年测量的身体健康[慢性疾病、肥胖和自测健康（SRH）]。Logistic回归用于检验基线N对25年后MDD后续风险的预测作用，扣除协变量。这些模型是在合并样本以及黑人和白人中估计的。在合并样本中，基线N预测25年后MDD的后续风险（OR = 2.23，95%CI = 1.14-4.34），扣除协变量。我们还发现，种族和基线N之间的交互作用对随后的MDD风险有轻微的影响（OR = 0.37，95%CI = 0.12-1.12），表明白人的影响大于黑人。在种族特异性模型中，在白人（OR = 2.55; 95%CI = 1.22-5.32）而非黑人（OR = 0.90; 95%CI = 0.24-3.39）中，基线N预测随后的MDD风险。社会经济和身体健康的黑人白人差异不能解释N和MDD之间联系的种族差异。黑人和白人在基线N作为长期MDD风险的心理决定因素方面存在差异。这一发现支持了文化适度假说，并与其他先前报道的黑人-白人在社会，心理和医疗方面的差异相一致，这些差异与负面影响和抑郁症有关。
Cultural and ethnic differences in psychosocial and medical correlates of negative affect are well documented. This study aimed to compare blacks and whites for the predictive role of baseline neuroticism (N) on subsequent risk of major depressive episodes (MDD) 25 years later. Data came from the Americans' Changing Lives (ACL) Study, 1986-2011. We used data on 1219 individuals (847 whites and 372 blacks) who had data on baseline N in 1986 and future MDD in 2011. The main predictor of interest was baseline N, measured using three items in 1986. The main outcome was 12 months MDD measured using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) at 2011. Covariates included baseline demographics (age and gender), socioeconomics (education and income), depressive symptoms [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)], stress, health behaviors (smoking and driking), and physical health [chronic medical conditions, obesity, and self-rated health (SRH)] measured in 1986. Logistic regressions were used to test the predictive role of baseline N on subsequent risk of MDD 25 years later, net of covariates. The models were estimated in the pooled sample, as well as blacks and whites. In the pooled sample, baseline N predicted subsequent risk of MDD 25 years later (OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.14-4.34), net of covariates. We also found a marginally significant interaction between race and baseline N on subsequent risk of MDD (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.12-1.12), suggesting a stronger effect for whites compared to blacks. In race-specific models, among whites (OR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.22-5.32) but not blacks (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.24-3.39), baseline N predicted subsequent risk of MDD. Black-white differences in socioeconomics and physical health could not explain the racial differences in the link between N and MDD. Blacks and whites differ in the salience of baseline N as a psychological determinant of MDD risk over a long period of time. This finding supports the cultural moderation hypothesis and is in line with other previously reported black-white differences in social, psychological, and medical correlates of negative affect and depression.