Baited-camera observations of deep-sea megafaunal scavenger ecology on the California slope
Baited-camera observations of deep-sea megafaunal scavenger ecology on the California slope
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加州斜坡深海巨型动物清道夫生态的诱饵相机观察
DOI：
10.3354/meps08972
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
J. Drazen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
John Yeh;J. Drazen
诱饵相机为世界海洋几个地区的食腐动物生态提供了很多见解，揭示了垂直地带的模式，大小和丰度随深度变化的趋势，以及摄食行为的各个方面。令人惊讶的是，在东太平洋大陆坡附近的食腐动物群落中，这种性质的工作起源于那里。在这里，我们提出了一个巨型动物清道夫生态学的研究，包括广泛的类群从大陆架到深海深处关闭中央加州。在105 ~ 3144 m的13次诱饵相机部署中，我们拍摄到了25个食腐动物类群，主要包括鱼类和螃蟹。结合拖网结果，这些数据表明，鱼类的食腐流行率从100 m处所有物种的2%增加到3000 m处所有物种的46%，表明更多的机会主义摄食习惯和腐肉作为食物来源的重要性在更大的深度。在4种食腐鱼类中，有3种（小鳞拟丽鱼（Antimora microlepis）、胸背信天翁（Albatrossia pectoralis）和帆状裸鲷（Anoplopoma fimbria））的体长随深度的增加而显著增加，而尖鳞拟丽鱼（Coryphaenoides acrolepis）的体长则呈“小-深”的趋势。从相机的第一次到达时间和拖网数据产生的鱼类密度估计进行了比较，没有产生显着的相关性。在一次摄像机部署期间，C. armatus作为诱饵，导致C.而在相似的深度/位置使用非macrourids诱饵观察到11个个体的峰值丰度。与深度相关的模式，清道夫物种丰富度和种内的大小-深度的趋势不同于那些在北大西洋，这表明需要进一步的区域比较，以更好地了解清道夫生态在全球范围内。
Baited cameras have offered much insight into the ecology of scavenging animals in several parts of the worlds' oceans, revealing patterns of vertical zonation, trends in size and abun- dance with depth, and aspects of feeding behavior. It is surprising, then, that very little has been pub- lished on the scavenging community off the eastern Pacific continental slope, where work of this nature originated. Here we present a study of megafaunal scavenger ecology encompassing a wide range of taxa from shelf to abyssal depths off central California. During 13 baited camera deploy- ments from 105 to 3144 m, we photographed 25 scavenging taxa, consisting mainly of fish and crabs. Combined with trawl results, these data showed that prevalence of scavenging in fishes increased from 2% of all species at 100 m to 46% of all species at 3000 m, suggesting more opportunistic feed- ing habits and the increasing importance of carrion as a food source at greater depths. Of 4 scaveng- ing fish species examined, 3 (Antimora microlepis, Albatrossia pectoralis, and Anoplopoma fimbria) displayed significant increases in length with increased depth while Coryphaenoides acrolepis dis- played an opposite, 'smaller-deeper' trend. Estimates of fish density generated from camera first arrival times and trawl data were compared, yielding no significant correlation. During one camera deployment, C. armatus was used as bait, which resulted in the complete absence of C. armatus, while a peak abundance of 11 individuals was observed at similar depths/locations using non- macrourid bait. The depth-related patterns in scavenger species richness and intraspecific size-depth trends differ from those in the North Atlantic, suggesting that further regional comparisons are needed to better understand scavenger ecology on a global scale.