Leaf senescence and N uptake parameters as selection traits for nitrogen efficiency of oilseed rape cultivars
Leaf senescence and N uptake parameters as selection traits for nitrogen efficiency of oilseed rape cultivars
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.00921.x
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Horst, Walter J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erley, Gunda Schulte auf'm;Wijaya, Ketut-Anom;Horst, Walter J.
氮高效油菜品种的种植有助于减少该作物的大量氮平衡盈余。为了促进氮高效品种的育种过程，有必要鉴定与氮效率相关的植物次要性状。本研究的目的是研究油菜品种和双单倍体 (DH) 系的叶片衰老和氮吸收参数，并在短期营养液实验中对比氮效率，并将这些结果与其在田间实验中的表现联系起来。营养液实验中，基因型在低氮供应下完全展开叶片的衰老和单位根长最大吸氮率方面存在差异。高的最大氮吸收率似乎通过增强叶片中氮的积累来延迟叶片衰老。同样在田间实验中，在限制氮供应的情况下，开花后叶片衰老的基因型也有所不同。此外，氮效率最高的 DH 品系能够使叶片光合能力适应开花期间冠层的弱光条件。在营养液和田间实验中，氮效率（限制氮供应时的谷物产量）与叶片衰老延迟呈正相关。结论短期营养液实验表达了氮高效品种的重要叶和根性状，这可能有助于氮高效品种的选择。
The cultivation of N-efficient oilseed rape cultivars could contribute to a reduction of the large N balance surpluses of this crop. To facilitate the breeding process of N-efficient cultivars, the identification of secondary plant traits correlating with N efficiency is necessary. The objectives of this study were to investigate leaf senescence and N uptake parameters of oilseed rape cultivars and doubled haploid (DH) lines with contrasting N efficiency in a short-term nutrient solution experiment and to relate these results to their performance in field experiments. In the nutrient solution experiment, genotypes differed in leaf senescence of fully expanded leaves and maximum N uptake rate per unit root length under low N supply. A high maximum N uptake rate seemed to have contributed to delayed leaf senescence by enhancing N accumulation in leaves. Also in the field experiments, genotypes differed in leaf senescence after flowering at limiting N supply. Additionally, the most N-efficient DH line was able to adapt leaf photosynthetic capacity to the low-light conditions in the canopy during flowering. N efficiency (grain yield at limiting N supply) was positively correlated with delayed leaf senescence both in nutrient solution and field experiments. It is concluded that important leaf and root traits of N-efficient cultivars are expressed in short-term nutrient solution experiments, which may facilitate the selection of N-efficient cultivars.