The Influence of Object Location on Identity: A "Spatial Congruency Bias"
The Influence of Object Location on Identity: A "Spatial Congruency Bias"
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DOI：
10.1037/xge0000017
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Thiemann, Carina T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golomb, Julie D.;Kupitz, Colin N.;Thiemann, Carina T.
对象可以由多个属性(例如，形状、颜色、大小和位置)来表征。我们的视觉系统是如何结合这些信息的，是什么让我们能够识别出两个物体是相同的？以前的工作已经指出了位置在绑定过程中的特殊作用，这表明即使在与任务无关的情况下，位置也可能被自动编码。在这里，我们展示了位置不仅是自动关注的，而且从根本上绑定到身份表征，以比简单地加速反应时间更深刻的方式影响对象感知。受试者观看2个顺序呈现的新对象，并进行相同/不同的身份比较。物体位置与身份任务无关，但当两个物体共享同一位置时，被试更有可能判断他们是同一身份。这种“一致性偏差”反映了当对象共享同一位置时，命中和错误警报的增加，这表明受试者无法抑制对象位置的影响--即使在不适应任务的情况下也是如此。重要的是，这种偏向完全是由位置驱动的：在6个实验情景中，物体位置稳健而可靠地偏向身份判断，但相反的情况并非如此：物体身份不会对位置判断施加任何偏见。此外，虽然位置对形状和颜色的判断都有偏见，但当无关时，形状和颜色都不会相互偏见。结果表明，位置为物体的相似性提供了一种独特的、自动的、不可抑制的线索。
Objects can be characterized by a number of properties (e.g., shape, color, size, and location). How do our visual systems combine this information, and what allows us to recognize when 2 objects are the same? Previous work has pointed to a special role for location in the binding process, suggesting that location may be automatically encoded even when irrelevant to the task. Here we show that location is not only automatically attended but fundamentally bound to identity representations, influencing object perception in a far more profound way than simply speeding reaction times. Subjects viewed 2 sequentially presented novel objects and performed a same/different identity comparison. Object location was irrelevant to the identity task, but when the 2 objects shared the same location, subjects were more likely to judge them as the same identity. This "congruency bias" reflected an increase in both hits and false alarms when the objects shared the same location, indicating that subjects were unable to suppress the influence of object location-even when maladaptive to the task. Importantly, this bias was driven exclusively by location: Object location robustly and reliably biased identity judgments across 6 experimental scenarios, but the reverse was not true: Object identity did not exert any bias on location judgments. Furthermore, while location biased both shape and color judgments, neither shape nor color biased each other when irrelevant. The results suggest that location provides a unique, automatic, and insuppressible cue for object sameness.