Vaccination to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease
Vaccination to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-66224-4_3
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Wolf;T. Gerhardt;K. Ley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Wolf;T. Gerhardt;K. Ley
动脉粥样硬化和伴随的心血管疾病是全世界死亡人数最多的原因。尽管在了解疾病机制方面取得了相当大的进展，但唯一的病因治疗策略是降低LDL胆固醇。动脉粥样硬化是一种复杂的疾病，由血脂异常、炎症和（自身）免疫引发和维持。这种复杂的相互作用是由先天性和适应性免疫系统的细胞协调的。已经提出通过针对特定抗原的疫苗接种来调节异常的免疫应答可能成为动脉粥样硬化的新的病因治疗。免疫调节疗法已被探索使用设计成通过免疫调节剂抑制自身免疫、耐受自身抗原、去除潜在有害抗原或通过主动和被动免疫来中和参与动脉粥样硬化形成的蛋白质的策略。这些策略的有益效果已在动脉粥样硬化和其他心血管疾病的动物模型中显示。本章对过去几十年来为设计预防心血管疾病的疫苗所做的努力进行了分类和总结。
Atherosclerosis and attendant cardiovascular disease account for most deaths worldwide. Despite considerable progress in understanding disease mechanisms, the only causal treatment strategy is lowering LDL cholesterol. Atherosclerosis is a complex disorder that is initiated and maintained by dyslipidemia, inflammation, and (auto-) immunity. This complex interplay is orchestrated by cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. It has been proposed that modulating the aberrant immune response by vaccination against specific antigens could become a new causal treatment for atherosclerosis. Immune-modulatory therapies have been explored using strategies designed to dampen autoimmunity by immuno-modulators, tolerize for auto-antigens, remove potentially harmful antigens, or neutralize proteins that participate in atherogenesis by active and passive immunization. Beneficial effects of such strategies have been shown in animal models of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. This chapter categorizes and summarizes the efforts that have been made in the last decades to design a vaccine to prevent cardiovascular disease.