Influence of extracurricular sport activities on body composition and physical fitness in boys: a 3-year longitudinal study
Influence of extracurricular sport activities on body composition and physical fitness in boys: a 3-year longitudinal study
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0803303
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Calbet, J. A. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ara, I.;Vicente-Rodriguez, G.;Calbet, J. A. L.
目的：分析课外体育活动对青春期早期男性生长过程中脂肪量积累和体能的影响。设计：纵向研究。受试者：从大加那利岛（西班牙）人群中随机抽取 42 名男孩（Tanner I-II 9.4 +/- 1.4 岁，Tanner III-IV 12.7 +/- 1.5 岁，随访 3.3 年之后），其中 26 名参加体力活动（PA，3 年内每周至少 3 小时）和 16 名不参加体力活动（非 PA）。测量：所有受试者的身体成分（双能 X 射线吸收测量法）、人体测量学（身体周长和皮褶）和身体健康变量（动态和等长力、无氧能力和最大有氧功率）均被确定。结果：两组在开始和结束时的身体尺寸相当研究的。 PA 组的体重指数随着生长的增加而增加，比非 PA 组的体重指数增加更多（P < 0.05）。然而，PA 中随着生长的脂肪量积累低于非 PA 中的脂肪量积累（P < 0.05）。总脂肪量和躯干脂肪量的增量之间存在正相关关系，特别是在不活动的儿童中（r(2)=0.93）。相反，总去脂质量增长与总脂肪量和局部脂肪量的积累之间存在反比关系（r=-0.37至-0.41，所有P < 0.05）。 PA儿童的体能保持不变，而非PA儿童的体能则恶化。结论：在没有任何饮食干预的情况下，每周定期参加至少3小时的体育活动的儿童更能防止总脂肪量和局部脂肪量的积累。与不参加课外体育活动的孩子相比，他们的总瘦肉量和骨量也有更大程度的增加。此外，PA儿童在成长过程中体能保持不变，而非PA儿童的体能却在恶化。
Objective: To analyse the effect of extracurricular physical activities on fat mass accumulation and physical fitness during growth in early pubertal males.Design: Longitudinal study.Subjects: A total of 42 male children (9.4 +/- 1.4 years, Tanner I-II and 12.7 +/- 1.5 years, Tanner III-IV, before and after the 3.3 years follow-up, respectively), randomly sampled from the population of Gran Canaria (Spain), 26 of them physically active (PA, at least 3 h per week during 3 years) and 16 non-physically active (non-PA).Measurements: Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometrics (body circumferences and skinfolds) and physical fitness variables (dynamic and isometric force, anaerobic capacity and maximal aerobic power) were determined in all subjects.Results: Both groups had comparable body sizes at the start and the end of the study. Body mass index increased with growth more in the PA than in the non-PA group (P < 0.05). However, fat mass accumulation with growth was lower in the PA than in the non-PA (P < 0.05). There was a positive relationship between the increment of total and trunkal fat mass, especially in non-active children (r(2)=0.93). In contrast, there was an inverse relationship between the total lean mass growth and the accumulation of total and regional fat mass (r=-0.37 to -0.41, all P < 0.05). Physical fitness was maintained in the PA, while it worsened in the non-PA children.Conclusions: Without any dietary intervention, children who regularly participate in at least 3 h per week of sports activities are more protected against total and regional fat mass accumulation. They also increase their total lean and bone mass to a greater extent than children who do not participate in extracurricular sport activities. In addition, PA children maintain their physical fitness during growth, while it deteriorates in the non-PA children.