African Americans' Diminished Returns of Parental Education on Adolescents' Depression and Suicide in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
African Americans' Diminished Returns of Parental Education on Adolescents' Depression and Suicide in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
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DOI：
10.3390/ejihpe10020048
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Caldwell, Cleopatra H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Assari, Shervin;Boyce, Shanika;Caldwell, Cleopatra H.
调查种族和民族差异的父母教育和婚姻状况对青少年的抑郁情绪和自杀企图在美国的保护作用。正如边缘化相关的收益减少（MDRs）提出的，父母教育产生的有形成果较少的非白色相比，白色家庭。父母教育程度和婚姻状况对青少年抑郁情绪和自杀企图的影响，我们现有的知识非常有限。比较不同种族青少年父母文化程度和婚姻状况对青少年抑郁情绪和自杀企图的影响。这项横断面研究包括来自青少年大脑认知发育（ABCD）研究的7076名非西班牙裔白色或非洲裔美国人8-11岁青少年。自变量为父母文化程度和婚姻状况。主要结果是抑郁情绪和自杀企图，基于父母使用儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症量表（K-SADS）的报告。年龄和性别为协变量。种族是调节器。采用Logistic回归分析ABCD数据。总体而言，父母受教育程度与抑郁情绪的几率较低相关（OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.67-0.99;p= 0.037），父母已婚与自杀企图的几率较低相关（OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.28-0.91;p= 0.022）。在合并样本中，我们发现种族与父母教育和婚姻状况之间的交互作用，这表明已婚父母对抑郁情绪的保护作用（OR = 1.54; 95%CI = 1.00-2.37;p= 0.048）以及父母已婚对自杀企图的保护作用（OR = 6.62; 95% CI = 2.21-19.86;p= 0.001），与白人相比，非裔美国人较弱。与白色青少年相比，非裔美国青少年的父母教育和婚姻状况对抑郁情绪和自杀企图的保护作用减弱。有必要的方案和干预措施，平等不仅社会经济地位（SES），而且社会经济地位的边际回报为少数民族群体。这些努力需要解决阻碍非裔美国家庭将其社会经济地位资源和人力资本转化为有形成果的结构性和社会障碍。有必要进行研究，可以尽量减少MDR的非洲裔美国人的家庭，使每个人和每个家庭都可以受益于他们的资源，无论他们的肤色。为了实现这一目标，我们需要帮助中产阶级非裔美国人家庭在社会经济地位资源的存在下获得切实的成果。
To investigate racial and ethnic differences in the protective effects of parental education and marital status against adolescents' depressed mood and suicidal attempts in the U.S. As proposed by the Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs), parental education generates fewer tangible outcomes for non-White compared to White families. Our existing knowledge is very limited regarding diminished returns of parental education and marital status on adolescents' depressed mood and suicidal attempts. To compare racial groups for the effects of parental education and marital status on adolescents' depressed mood and suicidal attempt. This cross-sectional study included 7076 non-Hispanic White or African American 8-11 years old adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variables were parental education and marital status. The main outcomes were depressed mood and suicidal attempts based on parents' reports using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS). Age and gender were the covariates. Race was the moderator. Logistic regression was used to analyze the ABCD data. Overall, parental education was associated with lower odds of depressed mood (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.67-0.99;p= 0.037) and having married parents was associated with lower odds of suicidal attempts (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.28-0.91;p= 0.022). In the pooled sample, we found interaction terms between race with parental education and marital status on the outcomes, suggesting that the protective effect of having married parents against depressed mood (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.00-2.37;p= 0.048) and the protective effect of having married parents against suicidal attempts (OR = 6.62; 95% CI = 2.21-19.86;p= 0.001) are weaker for African Americans when compared to Whites. The protective effects of parent education and marital status against depressed mood and suicidal attempts are diminished for African American adolescents compared to White adolescents. There is a need for programs and interventions that equalize not only socioeconomic status (SES) but also the marginal returns of SES for racial minority groups. Such efforts require addressing structural and societal barriers that hinder African American families from translating their SES resources and human capital into tangible outcomes. There is a need for studies that can minimize MDRs for African American families, so that every individual and every family can benefit from their resources regardless of their skin color. To achieve such a goal, we need to help middle-class African American families secure tangible outcomes in the presence of SES resources.