AMF: The future prospect for sustainable agriculture
AMF: The future prospect for sustainable agriculture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pmpp.2017.11.007
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Negi, Sangeeta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basu, Supratim;Rabara, Roel C.;Negi, Sangeeta
自然界中存在着广泛的共生关系，其中共生关系是进化上最保守的，双方都是互利的。然而，植物与微生物的这些关联既有害又有益。因此，植物生存的关键是促进有益的共生关系，并防止入侵的病原体。在这篇综述中，我们专注于有益的作用，菌根，一个异质组真菌主要与植物根系。在这些关联中，一组根专性菌根为宿主植物提供水分养分并重要地保护免受病原体的侵害，称为丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）。这种关联有助于改善植物的营养供应，如氮和磷，反过来，真菌从植物中获得20%的固定碳。营养转移是通过称为丛枝的结构的帮助建立的，真菌和植物根分泌物释放的“Myc因子”和独脚金内酯诱导共生反应。这两个因素的协调反过来又会启动下游信号级联，进一步加强这种关联。在多年的研究过程中，已经鉴定出几种基因，如新型转运蛋白或受体激酶，它们有利于这种关联，进而有助于剖析细胞反应。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了几项研究的现状，这些研究揭示了参与这些共生协会的合作伙伴的贡献，并可用于在不同环境条件下改善农作物。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
A wide range of association exists in nature of which symbiotic association is the most evolutionary conserved where both the partners are mutually benefited. However, these associations of the plants with microorganisms are both harmful as well as beneficial. Hence the key to survival for plants is to promote beneficial symbiotic associations and prevent the intruding pathogens. In this review, we focus on the beneficial role of mycorrhiza, a heterogeneous group of fungi primarily associated with plant roots. Out of these associations, one group of root obligate mycorrhiza provides the host plant with water nutrients and importantly protects from pathogens, called Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF). This association helps in improving the nutrient supply like nitrogen and phosphorus to the plants and in turn, the fungus gets 20% of the fixed carbon from the plants. The nutrient transfer is established by the help of structures called arbuscules and the release of 'Myc factors' by fungus and strigolactones by plant root exudates induces the symbiotic reactions. A coordination of these two factors, in turn, switches on the downstream signaling cascades that further strengthens the association. In the course of research over the years several genes like novel transporters or receptor kinases have been identified that favors the association and in turn helps in dissecting the cellular responses. In this review, we discuss the current status of several studies, which unravel the contributions of partners involved in these symbiotic associations and can be exploited for improvement of agricultural crops in diverse environmental conditions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.