Family-Based Randomized Trial to Detect Effects on Blood Pressure of a Salt Substitute Containing Potassium and Calcium in Hypertensive Adolescents
Family-Based Randomized Trial to Detect Effects on Blood Pressure of a Salt Substitute Containing Potassium and Calcium in Hypertensive Adolescents
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以家庭为基础的随机试验，检测含钾和钙的盐替代品对高血压青少年血压的影响
DOI：
10.1038/ajh.2009.136
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Zhu, Danjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mu, Jianjun;Liu, Zhiquan;Zhu, Danjun
背景钾和钙在血压（BP）调节中是重要的。本研究的目的是测试的影响，增加钾和钙的膳食盐。方法共选择了325名青少年高血压（收缩压（SBP）>= 90百分位数的年龄和性别）沿着与978名家庭成员。通过掷硬币将青少年随机分为三组，他们的家人（共300人）也被分配到三组：一组在烹饪盐中添加10 mmol钾和10 mmol钙，一组鼓励遵循限盐饮食，对照组。限盐组通过健康行为教育逐步减少食盐摄入量，2年后达到每人每天50-100 mmol的目标。对照组不进行干预。在研究开始时通过体积膨胀和收缩方案确定盐敏感性。结果2年后3组患者收缩压/舒张压（SBP/DBP）分别下降5.9/2.8mm Hg加钾加钙组为4.7/3.6%，加钾加钙组为5.8/1.0 mm Hg（4.8/1.4%）;对照组的数值升高了1.3/2.3 mm Hg（1.1/1.8%）。加钾加钙组与限盐组比较差异无统计学意义（P = 0.24），与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。在家庭成员中也发现了类似的血压变化。亚组分析显示，盐敏感（SS）组血压下降幅度大于非盐敏感（NSS）组（P < 0.05）。结论含钾、钙的盐替代品在降低中国农村社区高血压青少年及其家庭血压方面与限钠同样有效。美国高血压杂志2009;22：943-947（C）2009年美国高血压杂志，有限公司。
BACKGROUND Potassium and calcium are important in blood pressure (BP) regulation. The aim of this study was to test the effects on BP of adding potassium and calcium to dietary salt.METHODS A total of 325 adolescents selected with high BP (systolic BP (SBP) >= 90th percentile by age and sex) along with 978 family members. The adolescents were randomized into three groups by coin toss, and their families (300 total) were also allocated to the three groups: one in which 10 mmol of potassium and 10 mmol of calcium were added to the cooking salt, one encouraged to follow a salt-restricted diet, and a control group. In the salt-restricted group, salt intake was decreased gradually through health-behavior education to reach the goal of 50-100 mmol per person per day at 2 years. No intervention took place in for the control group. Salt sensitivity was determined by a volume expansion and contraction protocol at the beginning of the study. The three groups were followed up every 6 months for 2 years.RESULTS At 2 years, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) had decreased by 5.9/2.8 mm Hg (4.7/3.6%) in the added-potassium-and-calcium group and by 5.8/1.0 mm Hg (4.8/1.4%) in the salt-restricted group; the values rose in the control group by 1.3/2.3 mm Hg (1.1/1.8%). There was no difference between the added-potassium-and-calcium group and the restricted-salt group (P = 0.24), but both differed significantly from the controls (P < 0.05). Similar changes in BP were found in family members. Subgroup analysis showed that the BP in salt-sensitive (SS) subjects decreased more than in the non-salt-sensitive (NSS) group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION A salt substitute containing potassium and calcium was as effective as sodium restriction in reducing BP in hypertensive adolescents and their families in a that rural Chinese community. Am J Hypertens 2009;22:943-947 (C) 2009 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd.