True grit and genetics: Predicting academic achievement from personality.
True grit and genetics: Predicting academic achievement from personality.
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DOI：
10.1037/pspp0000089
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Plomin R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rimfeld K;Kovas Y;Dale PS;Plomin R
即使在控制了其他人格因素之后，坚毅——对长期目标的坚持和热情——已被证明是学业成功的重要预测因素。在这里，我们第一次使用一个具有英国代表性的样本和一个基因敏感的设计来解开毅力的病因及其对学术成就的预测，并将其与公认的人格特质进行比较。对于4642名16岁的学生（2321对双胞胎），我们使用Grit-S量表（努力的毅力和兴趣的一致性）以及大五人格特征来预测普通中等教育证书（GCSE）考试的分数，该考试在义务教育结束时在英国范围内进行。对毅力的双胞胎分析得出的遗传率估计为37%（兴趣一致性为20%），没有证据表明共同的环境影响。性格，主要是责任心，可以预测GCSE分数6%的差异，但毅力对这一预测的影响很小。此外，多变量双胞胎分析表明，大约三分之二的GCSE预测是遗传介导的。毅力、努力、毅力和大5型责任心在很大程度上在表型（r=0.53）和遗传（遗传相关=0）上是相同的。86)。我们得出结论，坚毅的病因学与其他人格特质高度相似，不仅表现出大量的遗传影响，而且表现出没有共同环境因素的影响。性格显著地预测学业成就，但除了传统的性格因素，尤其是责任心，毅力在预测学业成就方面几乎没有增加表现性或遗传学上的作用。
Grit -- perseverance and passion for long-term goals -- has been shown to be a significant predictor of academic success, even after controlling for other personality factors. Here, for the first time, we use a UK-representative sample and a genetically sensitive design to unpack the etiology of grit and its prediction of academic achievement in comparison to well-established personality traits. For 4,642 16-year-olds (2,321 twin pairs), we used the Grit-S scale (Perseverance of Effort and Consistency of Interest), along with the Big-5 personality traits, to predict scores on the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams, which are administered UK-wide at the end of compulsory education. Twin analyses of Grit Perseverance yielded a heritability estimate of 37% (20% for Consistency of Interest) and no evidence for shared environmental influence. Personality, primarily Conscientiousness, predicts about 6% of the variance in GCSE scores, but Grit adds little to this prediction. Moreover, multivariate twin analyses showed that roughly two-thirds of the GCSE prediction is mediated genetically. Grit Perseverance of Effort and Big-5 Conscientiousness are to a large extent the same trait both phenotypically (r=0.53) and genetically (genetic correlation = 0. 86). We conclude that the etiology of Grit is highly similar to other personality traits, not only in showing substantial genetic influence but also in showing no influence of shared environmental factors. Personality significantly predicts academic achievement, but Grit adds little phenotypically or genetically to the prediction of academic achievement beyond traditional personality factors, especially Conscientiousness.