Sequence-function relationships within the expanding family of prolactin, growth hormone, placental lactogen, and related proteins in mammals.
Sequence-function relationships within the expanding family of prolactin, growth hormone, placental lactogen, and related proteins in mammals.
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DOI：
10.1210/edrv-17-4-385
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发表时间：
1996-08
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
V. Goffin;K. Shiverick;P. Kelly;J. Martial
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Goffin;K. Shiverick;P. Kelly;J. Martial
I. PRL、PL和GH是同源蛋白质，被认为是通过两个连续的串联重复从共同的祖先基因产生的（参考文献10）。1-5;有关综述，请参见参考文献6）。PRL和GH主要由所有脊椎动物的垂体前叶分泌。PRL和GH谱系与共同祖先基因的分歧已经定位于约4亿年前，这与鱼类中不同PRL和GH的存在非常一致（2，3，6，7）。PL是唯一在哺乳动物中观察到的，并在胎盘中由合胞体滋养层细胞分泌（综述见参考文献10）。第8至10段）。最初，PL被认为是从共同的PRL/GH前体基因进化而来的（1）。进一步克隆和分析来自不同物种的PRL、GH和PL基因（染色体载体、基因大小、剪接位点、序列同一性;见参考文献）。6，7，11，和12）已经导致重新考虑这一假设，现在假设灵长类PL从GH谱系进化而来，而非灵长类PL从PRL起源。
I. Introduction PRL PL, and GH are homologous proteins that are thought to have arisen from a common ancestral gene by two successive tandem duplications (Refs. 1–5; for review, see Ref. 6). PRL and GH are mainly secreted by the anterior pituitary of all vertebrates. The divergence of the PRL and GH lineage from the common ancestral gene has been located some 400 million years ago, which is in good agreement with the presence of distinct PRL and GH in fish (2, 3, 6, 7). PL is uniquely observed in mammals and is secreted in the placenta by syncytiotrophoblastic cells (for reviews, see Refs. 8–10). Initially, PLs were proposed to have evolved from the common PRL/GH precursor gene (1). Further cloning and analysis of PRL, GH, and PL genes from different species (chromosome carrier, gene size, splicing sites, sequence identity; see Refs. 6, 7, 11, and 12) have led to a reconsideration of this hypothesis, and it is now assumed that primate PLs evolved from the GH lineage while nonprimate PLs arose from the PRL...