Caffeine reversal of ethanol effects on the multiple sleep latency test, memory, and psychomotor performance
Caffeine reversal of ethanol effects on the multiple sleep latency test, memory, and psychomotor performance
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.npp.1300026
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发表时间：
2003-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Roth, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drake, CL;Roehrs, T;Roth, T
咖啡因已经被证明可以逆转乙醇的一些影响表现的效果。然而，目前尚不清楚咖啡因的这种拮抗作用是否通过减少嗜睡来实现。目前的研究评估了服用安慰剂、乙醇和咖啡因+乙醇组合后的生理警觉性/困倦、记忆力和精神运动表现。共有13名健康个体(21-35岁)接受了拉丁方设计的四种条件：安慰剂-安慰剂、乙醇(0.5g/kg)-安慰剂、乙醇(0.5g/kg)-咖啡因150 mg和乙醇(0.5g/kg)-咖啡因300-mg。在每种情况下进行多重睡眠潜伏期测试(MSLT)、精神运动表现成套测验、记忆测试和情绪/嗜睡问卷调查。峰宽乙醇浓度(BREC)为0.043+/-0.0197%，三种咖啡因处理间无差异。正如预期的那样，乙醇缩短了MSLT上的平均潜伏期。最低剂量的咖啡因逆转了这一效应，而最高剂量的咖啡因显著增加了平均潜伏期(更高的警觉性)，大大超过了安慰剂的水平。酒精还会损害精神运动能力和记忆力。300毫克的咖啡因剂量将表现和记忆指标恢复到安慰剂水平。尽管酒精增加了头晕的视觉模拟等级，但咖啡因的剂量并没有减少这些等级。总而言之，低剂量的咖啡因防止了与中等剂量的乙醇相关的嗜睡和行为障碍。因此，咖啡因和其他兴奋剂一样，可以逆转乙醇的生理镇静作用，尽管其他负面影响仍然存在。
Caffeine has been shown to reverse some of the performance-impairing effects of ethanol. However, it is not known whether this antagonistic effect of caffeine is mediated by a reduction in sleepiness. The present study assessed physiological alertness/sleepiness, memory, and psychomotor performance following the administration of placebo, ethanol, and caffeine+ethanol combinations. A total of 13 healthy individuals (21-35 years old) underwent four conditions presented in a Latin Square Design: placebo-placebo, ethanol (0.5 g/kg)-placebo, ethanol (0.5 g/kg)-caffeine 150 mg, and ethanol (0.5 g/kg)-caffeine 300-mg. The Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), psychomotor performance battery, memory test, and mood/sleepiness questionnaires were administered following each condition. The peak breadth ethanol concentration (BrEC) was 0.043 +/- 0.0197% and did not differ among the three caffeine treatments. As expected, ethanol reduced mean latency on the MSLT. The lowest caffeine dose reversed this effect and the highest dose increased mean latency (greater alertness) significantly beyond placebo levels. Ethanol also impaired psychomotor performance and memory. The 300-mg caffeine dose restored performance and memory measures to placebo levels. Although visual analog ratings of dizziness were increased by ethanol, they were not diminished by either caffeine dose. In conclusion, Low-dose caffeine prevented the sleepiness and performance impairment associated with a moderate dose of ethanol. Thus, caffeine, similar to other stimulants, can reverse the physiologically sedating effects of ethanol, although other negative effects remain.