Crossover Inhibition Generates Sustained Visual Responses in the Inner Retina.
Crossover Inhibition Generates Sustained Visual Responses in the Inner Retina.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2016.03.015
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发表时间：
2016-04-20
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Lagnado L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosa JM;Ruehle S;Ding H;Lagnado L
在白天，视网膜回路的输入主要由视锥光感受器提供，视锥光感受器充当带通滤波器，但视网膜输出也包含传递持续信号的神经元群。利用遗传编码钙报告的体内成像，我们研究了斑马鱼内视网膜内产生这些持续通道的电路。在OFF双极细胞中，发现持续传播依赖于on途径通过gaba能无分泌细胞的交叉抑制。在ON双极细胞中，低频信号的振幅由甘氨酸能无分泌细胞调节，而gab能抑制则调节带通信号的增益。我们还提供了持续ON双极细胞子集的第一个功能描述，其中突触活动被高于~ 0.2 Hz的频率波动抑制。这些结果描绘了视网膜内部产生持续视觉信号的基本电路，并描述了交叉抑制的新功能。双极细胞通过至少5个时间通道传递视觉信号来自ON通路的交叉抑制产生持续的OFF通道GABAergic抑制将带通突触转化为低通甘氨酸能输入到ON终端产生“均匀性检测器”通过对体内突触活动的成像，Rosa等人确定了视网膜内部产生持续通道的基本电路。作者表明，无峰细胞将双极细胞的输出调谐到较低的频率，并定义了一种新的交叉抑制功能：产生持续的OFF信号。
In daylight, the input to the retinal circuit is provided primarily by cone photoreceptors acting as band-pass filters, but the retinal output also contains neuronal populations transmitting sustained signals. Using in vivo imaging of genetically encoded calcium reporters, we investigated the circuits that generate these sustained channels within the inner retina of zebrafish. In OFF bipolar cells, sustained transmission was found to depend on crossover inhibition from the ON pathway through GABAergic amacrine cells. In ON bipolar cells, the amplitude of low-frequency signals was regulated by glycinergic amacrine cells, while GABAergic inhibition regulated the gain of band-pass signals. We also provide the first functional description of a subset of sustained ON bipolar cells in which synaptic activity was suppressed by fluctuations at frequencies above ∼0.2 Hz. These results map out the basic circuitry by which the inner retina generates sustained visual signals and describes a new function of crossover inhibition. Bipolar cells transmit the visual signal through at least five temporal channels Crossover inhibition from the ON pathway generates the sustained OFF channel GABAergic inhibition converts band-pass synapses into low-pass Glycinergic inputs to ON terminals generate “uniformity detectors” By imaging synaptic activity in vivo, Rosa et al. determined the basic circuitry by which the sustained channel is generated in the inner retina. The authors show that amacrine cells tune the bipolar cell output to lower frequencies and define a new function of crossover inhibition: the generation of sustained OFF signals.