Linear-scaling density functional theory (DFT) simulations of point, Frenkel and Schottky defects in CeO2

Linear-scaling density functional theory (DFT) simulations of point, Frenkel and Schottky defects in CeO2
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CeO2 中点缺陷、弗兰克尔缺陷和肖特基缺陷的线性尺度密度泛函理论 (DFT) 模拟

DOI:
10.1016/j.commatsci.2023.112396
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Anwar N
Anwar N
中科院分区:
材料科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anwar N

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CeO 2(二氧化铈)是一种具有重要工业和技术重要性的材料,用于固体氧化物燃料电池和催化。在这里,我们探讨使用线性尺度密度泛函理论实现的ONETEP代码,它允许使用更大的模拟单元。用DFT+ U计算修正了CeO 2的缺陷化学,包括点缺陷、Frenkel缺陷和Schottky缺陷,发现氧空位的基态与两个相邻的还原铈位有关。铈空位是最不利的点缺陷,其中空穴位于相邻的氧位点上。更有利的是,随着稳定的过氧化物物质的形成,将氧间隙缺陷从八面体间隙位点移开。模拟结果表明,在八面体间隙位置上放置一个空位和一个间隙缺陷可以最大限度地减小晶格畸变,在OF 110 <$和CeF 111 <$中,空位和间隙缺陷的间距分别为5.18 μ m和4.77 μ m时,可以形成稳定的Frenkel缺陷.我们还研究了不同的超晶胞尺寸对肖特基缺陷能量有序性的影响,对于含有324个或更多原子的模拟晶胞,S 111 <$比S 110 <$更有利。
CeO2(ceria) is a material of significant industrial and technological importance, used in solid oxide fuel cells and catalysis. Here, we explore the usage of linear-scaling density functional theory as implemented in the ONETEP code, which allows to use larger simulation cells. By using DFT+Ucalculations we revise the defect chemistry of ceria, including point defects, Frenkel and Schottky defects.We found that the ground state of an oxygen vacancy is associated to two neighbouring reduced cerium sites. A cerium vacancy is the least favourable point defect, where holes localise on neighbouring oxygen sites. It is more favourable to displace an oxygen interstitial defect away from the octahedral interstitial site, with the formation of a stable peroxide species. Our simulations show that a cerium interstitial is best accommodated in the octahedral interstitial site, as this minimises the distortion of the lattice.Placing a vacancy and an interstitial defect at a separation of 5.18 Å for the OF¡110¿ and 4.77 Å for the CeF¡111¿, stable Frenkel defects can be formed. We also studied the effect of different supercell size on the energetic ordering of Schottky defects, where the S¡111¿ is more favourable than the S¡110¿ for a given simulation cells containing 324 or more atoms.
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