Nystagmus and saccadic intrusions.
Nystagmus and saccadic intrusions.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-52903-9.00019-4
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leigh, R John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thurtell, Matthew J;Leigh, R John
我们回顾了眼球震颤和眼跳振荡的现有概念，应用病理生理学方法。我们首先讨论当正常保持凝视稳定的机制受损时，眼球震颤是如何发生的。然后，我们描述了眼球震荡患者的临床和实验室评估。接下来，我们系统地回顾了由外周和中枢性前庭疾病引起的眼球震颤的特征，由于凝视保持机制(神经整合器)异常引起的眼球震颤，以及当视力受损时发生的眼球震颤。然后我们讨论发病机制尚不清楚的眼球震颤类型，包括获得性钟摆性眼球震颤和先天性眼球震颤。然后，我们总结了扰乱稳定凝视的眼跳障碍的频谱，从侵入到扑动和眼阵挛。最后，我们回顾了目前治疗眼球震颤和眼球震荡的方法，包括药物、手术和光学方法。以图的形式提供了每种类型的眼球震颤的例子。
We review current concepts of nystagmus and saccadic oscillations, applying a pathophysiological approach. We begin by discussing how nystagmus may arise when the mechanisms that normally hold gaze steady are impaired. We then describe the clinical and laboratory evaluation of patients with ocular oscillations. Next, we systematically review the features of nystagmus arising from peripheral and central vestibular disorders, nystagmus due to an abnormal gaze-holding mechanism (neural integrator), and nystagmus occurring when vision is compromised. We then discuss forms of nystagmus for which the pathogenesis is not well understood, including acquired pendular nystagmus and congenital forms of nystagmus. We then summarize the spectrum of saccadic disorders that disrupt steady gaze, from intrusions to flutter and opsoclonus. Finally, we review current treatment options for nystagmus and saccadic oscillations, including drugs, surgery, and optical methods. Examples of each type of nystagmus are provided in the form of figures.