Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet
Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abk2400
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发表时间：
2022-05-13
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Roos, C. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joshi, M. K.;Kranzl, F.;Roos, C. F.
确定非平衡量子态的普适性质是现代物理学的一个主要挑战。一个令人着迷的预言是，经典流体力学普遍出现在任何相互作用的量子系统的演化中。我们实验探测了51个单独控制的离子的量子动力学，实现了远程相互作用的自旋链。通过测量时空分辨的相关函数在一个无限的温度状态下，我们观察到一个完整的家庭的流体动力学普适性类，从正常扩散到异常超扩散，所描述的利维飞行。我们提取了流体力学理论的输运系数，反映了系统的微观性质。我们的观察表明，工程量子系统的潜力，提供关键的洞察量子物质的非平衡态的普遍性质。
Identifying universal properties of nonequilibrium quantum states is a major challenge in modern physics. A fascinating prediction is that classical hydrodynamics emerges universally in the evolution of any interacting quantum system. We experimentally probed the quantum dynamics of 51 individually controlled ions, realizing a long-range interacting spin chain. By measuring space-time-resolved correlation functions in an infinite temperature state, we observed a whole family of hydrodynamic universality classes, ranging from normal diffusion to anomalous superdiffusion, that are described by Levy flights. We extracted the transport coefficients of the hydrodynamic theory, reflecting the microscopic properties of the system. Our observations demonstrate the potential for engineered quantum systems to provide key insights into universal properties of nonequilibrium states of quantum matter.