GENETIC-ENGINEERING OF STRUCTURAL PROTEIN POLYMERS
GENETIC-ENGINEERING OF STRUCTURAL PROTEIN POLYMERS
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DOI：
10.1021/bp00003a006
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发表时间：
1990-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
FERRARI, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CAPPELLO, J;CRISSMAN, J;FERRARI, F
遗传和蛋白质工程是新聚合物化学的组成部分，为生产远超出合成聚合物化学当前能力的多样性和精确性的大分子聚酰胺共聚物提供了工具。遗传机制允许分子控制化学和物理链特性。大自然利用这种控制将蛋白质聚合物配制成具有非凡机械性能的材料，例如蚕丝的强度和韧性以及哺乳动物弹性蛋白的弹性和恢复力。这些材料的性质归因于蛋白质、丝心蛋白和弹性蛋白中所含的短重复寡肽序列的存在。我们已经生产了同源蛋白质聚合物，其完全由丝样结晶块和弹性蛋白样柔性块组成。我们已经证明，通过微生物发酵产生的每种均嵌段聚合物表现出可测量的结晶度和弹性特性。此外，我们已经制备了不同数量的丝样和弹性蛋白样嵌段的交替嵌段共聚物，其比例分别为1：4至2：1。每种共聚物的结晶度随结晶嵌段中断的量而变化。生产具有定制机械性能的纤维材料是这项技术的潜在成果。
Genetic and protein engineering are components of a new polymer chemistry that provide the tools for producing macromolecular polyamide copolymers of diversity and precision far beyond the current capabilities of synthetic polymer chemistry. The genetic machinery allows molecular control of chemical and physical chain properties. Nature utilizes this control to formulate protein polymers into materials with extraordinary mechanical properties, such as the strength and toughness of silk and the elasticity and resilience of mammalian elastin. The properties of these materials have been attributed to the presence of short repeating oligopeptide sequences contained in the proteins, fibroin, and elastin. We have produced homoblock protein polymers consisting exclusively of silk-like crystalline blocks and elastin-like flexible blocks. We have demonstrated that each homoblock polymer as produced by microbial fermentation exhibits measurable properties of crystallinity and elasticity. Additionally, we have produced alternating block copolymers of various amounts of silk-like and elastin-like blocks, ranging from a ratio of 1:4 to 2:1, respectively. The crystallinity of each copolymer varies with the amount of crystalline block interruptions. The production of fiber materials with custom-engineered mechanical properties is a potential outcome of this technology.