Elucidating the contributions of processing speed, executive ability, and frontal lobe volume to normal age-related differences in fluid intelligence.
Elucidating the contributions of processing speed, executive ability, and frontal lobe volume to normal age-related differences in fluid intelligence.
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阐明处理速度、执行能力和额叶体积对与年龄相关的正常流体智力差异的影响。
DOI：
10.1017/s1355617700611062
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barta,P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schretlen,D;Pearlson,GD;Anthony,JC;Aylward,EH;Augustine,AM;Davis,A;Barta,P
一种关于正常认知老化的理论认为，简单处理速度的下降介导了与年龄相关的流体智力的下降。另一种可能性是，与年龄相关的额叶脑结构萎缩性变化破坏了执行能力的功能，从而产生了同样的衰退。在这项研究中，我们使用主成分分析，以获得一个测量的流体空间智力在197名正常成人之间的20和92岁。感知比较速度，工作记忆和执行能力，以及基于高分辨率磁共振成像的区域脑容量的措施，从112名参与者的子样本中获得。然后，我们进行了一系列分层多元回归分析，以检验（1）处理速度理论，（2）额叶执行理论，或（3）这些理论的某种组合是否能最好地解释流体智力的年龄相关变化。结果表明，知觉比较速度，执行能力和额叶体积分别对回归方程做出了显着贡献，解释了57%的流体智力方差。这些发现表明，认知老化的加工速度和额叶-执行理论都是部分正确的，并且相互补充。(JINS，2000，6，52-61.）
One theory of normal cognitive aging asserts that decreases in simple processing speed mediate the age-related decline of fluid intelligence. Another possibility is that age-related atrophic changes in frontal brain structures undermine the functioning of executive abilities, thereby producing the same decline. In this study, we used principal components analysis to derive a measure of fluid–spatial intelligence in 197 normal adults between 20 and 92 years of age. Measures of perceptual comparison speed, working memory, and executive ability, as well as regional brain volumes based on high resolution magnetic resonance imaging were obtained from a subsample of 112 participants. We then conducted a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses to test whether (1) the processing speed theory, (2) frontal–executive theory, or (3) some combination of these best accounted for age-related variation in fluid intelligence. The results showed that perceptual comparison speed, executive ability, and frontal lobe volume each made significant contributions to a regression equation that explained 57% of the variance in fluid intelligence. These findings suggest that both the processing speed and frontal–executive theory of cognitive aging are partially correct and complement one another. (JINS, 2000, 6, 52–61.)