Expansion of pelagic denitrification during early Pleistocene cooling

Expansion of pelagic denitrification during early Pleistocene cooling
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早更新世冷却期间中上层反硝化作用的扩展

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2013.12.022
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Schneider
Schneider
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Robinson;Etourneau;Martinez;Schneider

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在缺氧的海底和远洋环境中,生物可利用氮通过反硝化作用从海洋中去除。预计未来的变暖将减少海洋的氧合,并导致缺氧区域扩大,从而可能加速脱氮。通过对热带东太平洋、北太平洋和阿拉伯海高分辨率沉积氮同位素(δ N 15)记录的汇编以及全球多站调查,证明上新世暖期末期存在较弱的中上层反硝化作用。在2.1 ~ 1.5Ma之间,主要含氧极小区(OMZ)的平均δ N15值增加。在长期的全球变冷的一段时间,尽管溶解度驱动的初始氧含量的南极洲中间和Subanabartic模式沃茨通风OMZ的增加,远洋反硝化作用加强。这一趋势与预测的海洋冷却的平均趋势以及观察到的冰川间冰期变化相反。提出了几种替代方法来解释这种转变,包括净呼吸的上升,与百万年尺度相关的深海通风年龄的逐步增加,长期冷却,以及远程通风温跃层变浅到与地下呼吸峰值区相对应的浅深度。由于没有证据表明产量净增加,我们断言,大规模的,气候驱动的海洋环流的变化调节长时间尺度的变化,在远洋脱氮的程度。需要更多的数据和模型来充分解释这些观察结果。
Bioavailable nitrogen is removed from the oceans in oxygen-deficient benthic and pelagic environments by denitrification. Future warming is predicted to reduce ocean oxygenation and to cause hypoxic regions to expand, potentially accelerating denitrification. A compilation of high-resolution sedimentary nitrogen isotope (δ N 15) records from the eastern tropical Pacific, North Pacific, and the Arabian Sea, and a global multi-site survey are presented as evidence for weak pelagic denitrification at the end of the Pliocene warm period. Mean δ N 15 values increased in the major oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) between 2.1 and 1.5 Ma. Pelagic denitrification strengthened during a period of long term global cooling, despite solubility driven increases in initial oxygen contents of Antarctic intermediate and Subantarctic mode waters ventilating the OMZs. This trend is opposite to the predicted mean trend for a cooling ocean as well as to the observed glacial–interglacial variation. Several alternatives to explain the shift are proposed, including a rise in net respiration, a progressive increase in the ventilation age of the deep ocean associated with million year scale, secular cooling, and a shoaling of the remotely ventilated thermocline to shallow depths corresponding to the zone of peak subsurface respiration. Given no evidence for a net increase in production, we assert that large-scale, climate-driven changes in ocean circulation regulate long timescale variations in the extent of pelagic denitrification. Additional data and modeling are required to fully explain the observations.
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