Building energy retrofit-as-a-service: a Total Value of Ownership assessment methodology to support whole life-cycle building circularity and decarbonisation
Building energy retrofit-as-a-service: a Total Value of Ownership assessment methodology to support whole life-cycle building circularity and decarbonisation
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建筑能源改造即服务：支持整个生命周期建筑循环和脱碳的所有权总价值评估方法
DOI：
10.1080/01446193.2022.2094434
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Azcarate-Aguerre J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azcarate-Aguerre J
加速欧洲建筑清洁能源和循环经济转型的监管举措目前未能克服系统性实施障碍。这些障碍包括高昂的初始投资成本、利益相关者之间的财务激励不一致以及可持续性较差的能源和材料的成本相对较低。产品服务系统 (PSS) 方法可以通过以下方式成功克服许多障碍：(1) 外包资本投资以及财务和技术风险，(2) 向合作利益相关者提供共享经济激励，以及 (3) 保留扩大的生产者责任以及对材料和产品的所有权。然而，与标准“所有权”合同和“无改造”方案相比，PSS 仍然不被视为可行的商业模式。本文提出了一种所有权总价值 (TVO) 方法，通过比较情景矩阵，以净现值来评估建筑能源改造的财务绩效。结果表明，在考虑与另类投资相关的资本和机会成本、内部化外部性以及将用户生产力和财产价值等软价值货币化时，PSS 模型可以提供最高的 NPV。此外，结果表明，PSS 替代方案可以作为积极的面向未来的策略，以在面对不确定的未来市场指标和碳税时维护建筑业主的地位。为决策者、投资者、金融家、建筑业主和最终用户提出了建议，以确定 PSS 合同的经济价值，从而做出更明智的决策，从而加速建筑存量的深度能源改造。
The regulatory drive to accelerate the clean energy and circular economy transitions in the European building stock is currently failing to overcome systemic implementation barriers. These barriers include high initial investment costs, misaligned financial incentives among stakeholders, and the relatively low cost of less sustainable energy and materials. A Product-Service Systems (PSS) approach could successfully overcome many of these barriers by (1) outsourcing capital investment, as well as financial and technical risks, (2) providing shared economic incentives to collaborating stakeholders, and (3) retaining extended producer responsibility and ownership over materials and products. However, PSS is still not seen as a viable business model when compared to both a standard “ownership” contract and a “no-retrofit” scenario. This paper proposes a Total Value of Ownership (TVO) method to evaluate the financial performance of a building energy retrofit in terms of Net Present Value, comparing a matrix of scenarios. Results show that – when accounting for capital and opportunity costs tied to alternative investments, internalising externalities, and monetising soft values such as user productivity and property value – a PSS model can deliver the highest NPV. Furthermore, results show that a PSS alternative can act as a positive future-proofing strategy to safeguard the building owner’s position in the face of uncertain future market indicators and carbon taxation. Recommendations for policymakers, investors, financiers, building owners, and end-users are presented to identify the economic value of PSS contracts, leading to better-informed decisions which can accelerate deep energy retrofit of the building stock.
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