STABILITY FROM VARIATION - THE CASE OF FACE RECOGNITION
STABILITY FROM VARIATION - THE CASE OF FACE RECOGNITION
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DOI：
10.1080/14640749408401141
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发表时间：
1994-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
BRUCE, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRUCE, V
一个贯穿医学博士的主题。弗农关于视觉感知的讨论是我们如何感知一个稳定的世界的关键问题，尽管这个世界是不断变化的。人脸识别的核心问题是，我们如何从样本中建立稳定的表征，这些样本在不同的时刻和不同的遭遇中会发生变化，既有刚性的，也有非刚性的。实验表明，人们在从一张人脸样本到另一张人脸样本的概括方面相当差（例如，从一张照片到另一张显示不同视图或表情的照片），但在对几个略有不同的样本所显示的范围内的人脸精确细节进行编码方面非常准确。此外，所提供的指示并不鼓励受试者明确参加的方式，不同的范例不同，面孔保留的方式，提高熟悉的原型集，即使这是没有提出的研究。这表明，我们通常遇到的面部表情，角度和照明的连续变化提供了必要的条件，以建立稳定的代表性的个人在一个整体类别（脸），其中所有成员共享相同的整体结构。这些关于面部识别的观察结果可能不会让玛吉弗农感到惊讶，她对视觉感知的许多更普遍的观察都预测到了这样的结论。
A theme running through M.D. Vernon's discussions of visual perception was the key question of how we perceive a stable world despite continuous variation. The central problem in face identification is how we build stable representations from exemplars that vary, both rigidly and non-rigidly, from instant to instant and from encounter to encounter. Experiments reveal that people are rather poor at generalizing from one exemplar of a face to another (e.g. from one photograph to another showing a different view or expression) yet highly accurate at encoding precise details of faces within the range shown by several slightly different exemplars. Moreover, provided instructions do not encourage subjects explicitly to attend to the way that different exemplars vary, faces are retained in a way that enhances familiarity of the prototype of the set, even if this was not presented for study. It is suggested that our usual encounters with continuous variations of facial expressions, angles, and lightings provide the conditions necessary to establish stable representations of individuals within an overall category (the face) where all members share the same overall structure. These observations about face recognition would probably not have come as any great surprise to Maggie Vernon, many of whose more general observations about visual perception anticipated such conclusions.