Mental Health Literacy Empowering the Community to Take Action for Better Mental Health
Mental Health Literacy Empowering the Community to Take Action for Better Mental Health
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025957
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Jorm, Anthony F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jorm, Anthony F.
对于重大身体疾病，人们普遍认为，公众如果知道可以采取哪些行动来预防、早期干预和治疗，将会受益。然而，这类关于精神障碍的公众知识（心理健康素养）却受到的关注要少得多。一些国家的调查证据表明，公众在以下方面存在缺陷：(a) 公众对如何预防精神障碍的了解；(b) 对疾病何时发生的认识；(c) 对寻求帮助的选择和可用治疗的了解；(d) 对较轻问题的有效自助策略的了解；(e) 支持其他受精神健康问题影响的人的急救技能。尽管如此，有证据表明一系列干预措施可以提高心理健康素养，包括全社区运动、教育环境干预、心理健康急救培训和信息网站。还有证据表明，一些国家的心理健康素养取得了历史性的进步。提高社区的心理健康素养需要成为国家政策和人口监测的重点，以便整个社区有权采取行动改善心理健康。
For major physical diseases, it is widely accepted that members of the public will benefit by knowing what actions they can take for prevention, early intervention, and treatment. However, this type of public knowledge about mental disorders (mental health literacy) has received much less attention. There is evidence from surveys in several countries for deficiencies in (a) the public's knowledge of how to prevent mental disorders, (b) recognition of when a disorder is developing, (c) knowledge of help-seeking options and treatments available, (d) knowledge of effective self-help strategies for milder problems, and (e) first aid skills to support others affected by mental health problems. Nevertheless, there is evidence that a range of interventions can improve mental health literacy, including whole-of-community campaigns, interventions in educational settings, Mental Health First Aid training, and information websites. There is also evidence for historical improvements in mental health literacy in some countries. Increasing the community's mental health literacy needs to be a focus for national policy and population monitoring so that the whole community is empowered to take action for better mental health.