Bacterial responses to different dietary cereal types and xylanase supplementation in the intestine of broiler chicken
Bacterial responses to different dietary cereal types and xylanase supplementation in the intestine of broiler chicken
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DOI：
10.1080/00039420214191
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Simon, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hübener, K;Vahjen, W;Simon, O
研究了不同可溶性非淀粉多糖（NSP）含量的谷类和木聚糖酶制剂对肉鸡小肠细菌参数的影响。与玉米饮食相比，小麦/黑麦饮食中粘膜相关细菌的菌落形成单位（CFU）较高，最明显的是肠杆菌和肠球菌。在小麦/黑麦饮食中补充木聚糖酶通常导致较低的CFU，特别是在生命的第一周。然而，木聚糖酶的补充也显示出较高的体外肠杆菌和肠球菌的生长潜力。在补充有选择的NSP的基本培养基中的管腔样品的细菌生长表明，小麦/黑麦饮食增强细菌仅在回肠样品中利用NSP的能力。木聚糖酶的应用通常将各自的最大生长转移到小肠的近端部分。在日粮中存在来自小麦或黑麦的可溶性NSP本身并不增强小肠中细菌NSP水解酶的活性，但木聚糖酶补充导致更高的1，3 - 1，4-β-葡聚糖酶活性。与玉米饮食相比，小肠样品中细菌胆盐水解酶的活性没有增加，这是由于将小麦/黑麦或黑小麦纳入饮食中。然而，木聚糖酶的补充导致降低与相应的脂肪酶活性的增加。得出的结论是，产生高肠道粘度的膳食谷物导致小肠中总体细菌活性增加。向谷物基饮食中补充木聚糖酶会产生高肠道粘度，改变细菌种群的组成和代谢潜力，并可能特别影响幼龄动物的脂肪吸收。
Several studies were carried out to investigate the influence of dietary cereals differing in soluble non starch polysaccharides (NSP) content and a xylanase preparation on selected bacterial parameters in the small intestine of broiler chicken. Compared to a maize diet colony forming units (CFU) of mucosa associated bacteria were higher in a wheat/rye diet, most notably for enterobacteria and enterococci. Xylanase supplementation to the wheat/rye diet generally led to lower CFU, especially in the first week of life. However, xylanase supplementation also displayed higher in vitro growth potentials for enterobacteria and enterococci. Bacterial growth of luminal samples in minimal media supplemented with selected NSP showed that the wheat/rye diet enhanced bacterial capacities to utilize NSP only in ileal samples. The xylanase application generally shifted respective maximum growth to the proximal part of the small intestine. The presence of soluble NSP from wheat or rye in the diet per se did not enhance bacterial NSP hydrolyzing enzyme activities in the small intestine, but xylanase supplementation resulted in higher 1,3-1,4-beta - glucanase activity. Compared to a maize diet the activity of bacterial bile salt hydrolases in samples of the small intestine was not increased due to inclusion of wheat/rye or triticale to the diet. However, xylanase supplementation led to a reduction with a corresponding increase of lipase activity. It was concluded that dietary cereals producing high intestinal viscosities lead to increased overall bacterial activity in the small intestine. The supplementation of a xylanase to cereal based diets producing high intestinal viscosity, changes composition and metabolic potential of bacterial populations and may specifically influence fat absorption in young animals.