Isolation, characterization, and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio spp. in sea turtles from Northwestern Mexico.
Isolation, characterization, and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio spp. in sea turtles from Northwestern Mexico.
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Vibrio spp的分离，表征和抗生素抗性。来自墨西哥西北部的海龟。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.00635
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Canizalez-Roman A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zavala-Norzagaray AA;Aguirre AA;Velazquez-Roman J;Flores-Villaseñor H;León-Sicairos N;Ley-Quiñonez CP;Hernández-Díaz Lde J;Canizalez-Roman A
在Ojo de Liebre泻湖（OLL），南下加利福尼亚（BCS），墨西哥（太平洋）和纳瓦契斯特泻湖系统（LSN）和海洋影响区（MAI），瓜萨夫，锡那罗亚（加州湾）的觅食地捕获的64只表面健康的海龟的需氧口腔和泄殖腔细菌微生物群及其耐药性进行了表征。2012年1月至12月，在OLL共采集了34只黑海龟（Chelonia mydas agassizii），在LSN和MAI分别采集了8只黑海龟和22只橄榄海龟（Lepidochelys olivacea）。我们分离出13种不同的革兰氏阴性细菌。最常分离的细菌为溶藻弧菌（39/64例，60%）、副溶血性弧菌（17/64例，26%）和霍乱弧菌（6/64例，9%）。然而，霍乱弧菌仅从从加州湾（MAI）捕获的海龟中分离出来。其中5/17株（29.4%）为致病株（tdh+基因），2/17株（11.7%）为流行株（tdh+和toxRS/new+）。在霍乱弧菌菌株中，所有被鉴定为非O 1/非O 139，并且在4/6（66%）中鉴定出辅助霍乱肠毒素基因（ace），但没有毒力基因zot、ctxA和ctxB。在分离的副溶血性弧菌、霍乱弧菌和溶藻弧菌菌株中，分别有94.1%、33.4%和100%对至少一种常用抗生素（主要是氨苄青霉素）表现出耐药性。总之，海龟体内存在几种潜在的（致病性）人类病原体可能代表环境微生物的传播和食源性疾病的高风险。因此，基于这是非法和不健康的事实，我们不鼓励在墨西哥西北部消费海龟肉或海龟蛋。
The aerobic oral and cloacal bacterial microbiota and their antimicrobial resistance were characterized for 64 apparently healthy sea turtles captured at their foraging grounds in Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL), Baja California Sur (BCS), Mexico (Pacific Ocean) and the lagoon system of Navachiste (LSN) and Marine Area of Influence (MAI), Guasave, Sinaloa (Gulf of California). A total of 34 black turtles (Chelonia mydas agassizii) were sampled in OLL and eight black turtles and 22 olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were sampled in LSN and MAI, respectively from January to December 2012. We isolated 13 different species of Gram-negative bacteria. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Vibrio alginolyticus in 39/64 (60%), V. parahaemolyticus in 17/64 (26%), and V. cholerae in 6/64 (9%). However, V. cholerae was isolated only from turtles captured from the Gulf of California (MAI). Among V. parahaemolyticus strains, six O serogroups and eight serovars were identified from which 5/17 (29.4%) belonged to the pathogenic strains (tdh+ gene) and 2/17 (11.7%) had the pandemic clone (tdh+ and toxRS/new+). Among V. cholerae strains, all were identified as non-O1/non-O139, and in 4/6 (66%) the accessory cholera enterotoxin gene (ace) was identified but without virulence gene zot, ctxA, and ctxB. Of the isolated V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. alginolyticus strains, 94.1, 33.4, and 100% demonstrated resistance to at least one commonly prescribed antibiotic (primarily to ampicillin), respectively. In conclusion, the presence of several potential (toxigenic) human pathogens in sea turtles may represent transmission of environmental microbes and a high-risk of food-borne disease. Therefore, based on the fact that it is illegal and unhealthy, we discourage the consumption of sea turtle meat or eggs in northwestern Mexico.