Randomization in clinical studies
Randomization in clinical studies
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DOI：
10.4097/kja.19049
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
In, Junyong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lim, Chi-Yeon;In, Junyong
随机对照试验因其随机化（随机分配）的优点而被广泛接受为评价新治疗效果的最佳设计。随机化消除了意外偏差，包括选择偏差，并为允许使用概率论提供了基础。尽管其重要性，随机化尚未得到正确的理解。本文通过实例介绍了不同的随机化方法：简单随机化;区组随机化;自适应随机化，包括最小化;和响应自适应随机化。还讨论了与随机化有关的伦理学。该研究有助于理解随机化的基本概念和如何使用R软件。
Randomized controlled trial is widely accepted as the best design for evaluating the efficacy of a new treatment because of the advantages of randomization (random allocation). Randomization eliminates accidental bias, including selection bias, and provides a base for allowing the use of probability theory. Despite its importance, randomization has not been properly understood. This article introduces the different randomization methods with examples: simple randomization; block randomization; adaptive randomization, including minimization; and response-adaptive randomization. Ethics related to randomization are also discussed. The study is helpful in understanding the basic concepts of randomization and how to use R software.