Role of Ceramide in the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Nervous Systems
Role of Ceramide in the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Nervous Systems
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DOI：
10.3233/nib-130055
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Katafuchi, Toshihiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hossain, Md. Shamim;Ifuku, Masataka;Katafuchi, Toshihiko
神经酰胺是鞘脂家族的核心成员，存在于不同的细胞区室中。神经酰胺在细胞凋亡信号转导中的主要作用已经很好地解释了线粒体的参与。神经酰胺在细胞因子介导的炎症反应中起着重要作用，导致许多疾病的进展。神经酰胺是由几种炎性神经系统疾病引起的，并在大脑中积累。有趣的是，来自不同研究小组的证据表明，神经酰胺在动作电位的产生中起作用，但神经酰胺调节电生理的机制尚不清楚。神经酰胺不仅参与炎症、细胞凋亡和动作电位，而且还被认为可以杀死癌细胞。这些证据提出了重要的审查我们的知识，这种生物活性脂质。在本文中，我们集中了最近的发现以及以前的文献，以了解它在不同疾病中的作用。到目前为止，神经酰胺如何在不同的细胞事件中发挥作用的机制大多是未知的。因此，未来的研究有必要研究神经酰胺在正常和病理生理学背景下的详细功能，以探索治疗这些疾病（包括炎性神经退行性疾病）的新疗法。
Ceramide is a core member of the sphingolipids family and present in different cellular compartments. The major role of ceramide in the apoptosis signaling has been well explained with the involvement of mitochondria. It has also been highlighted that ceramide plays an important role in the cytokines-mediated inflammation which contributed to many diseases progressions. Ceramide is induced and accumulated in the brain by several inflammatory neurological disorders. Interestingly, evidences from different research groups have suggested that ceramide plays a role in generation of action potentials but the mechanism by which ceramide modulated electrophysiology was elusive. Ceramide is not only involved in the inflammation, apoptosis and action potentials but it has also been suggested that ceramide can kill cancer cells. These evidences raised importance to review our knowledge about this bioactive lipid. In this review, we have focused the recent discoveries as well as previous literatures to understand its role in different diseases. Still now, the mechanism of how does ceramide play its role in different cellular events is mostly unknown. Therefore, future studies are necessary to investigate the detail function of ceramide in the normal and pathophysiology contexts to explore novel therapeutics to cure these disorders including inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases.