Development of the Mayo Investigational Neuromodulation Control System: toward a closed-loop electrochemical feedback system for deep brain stimulation Laboratory investigation
Development of the Mayo Investigational Neuromodulation Control System: toward a closed-loop electrochemical feedback system for deep brain stimulation Laboratory investigation
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DOI：
10.3171/2013.8.jns122142
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Lee, Kendall H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Su-Youne;Kimble, Christopher J.;Lee, Kendall H.
目的。传统的深部脑刺激（DBS）设备仍然依赖于开环系统，其中刺激独立于功能性神经反馈。作者之前提出，作为 DBS“智能”设备的基础，基于神经化学反馈的闭环系统可能有改善治疗效果的潜力。神经化学物质释放的改变被认为与 DBS 的临床益处有关，并且快速扫描循环伏安法 (FSCV) 已被证明可以有效记录这些诱发的神经化学物质变化。然而，FSCV 与传统 DBS 设备的组合会干扰诱发分析物的记录和识别。为了将神经化学记录与神经刺激相结合，作者开发了 Mayo 研究神经调节控制系统 (MINCS)，这是一种新型无线控制刺激设备，旨在与由他们之前描述的无线瞬时神经化学浓度传感系统 (WINCS) 执行的 FSCV 进行交互。为了测试这些集成设备的功能，MINCS 对麻醉大鼠的内侧前脑束施加不同频率的电刺激，并通过 WINCS 记录纹状体多巴胺的释放。本研究中 FSCV 的参数包括每 100 毫秒施加到碳纤维微电极上的金字塔形电压波形，相对于 Ag/AgCl 参比电极，以 400 V/秒或 1000 V/秒的扫描速率在 -0.4 V 和 +1.5 V 之间倾斜。碳纤维微电极在扫描之间保持在-0.4 V 的基线电位。结果。通过将 MINCS 与通过光纤协调的 WINCS 结合使用，作者将电刺激间隔与 FSCV 扫描交错，从而获得了无伪影的无线 FSCV 记录。 MINCS 对麻醉大鼠内侧前脑束进行电刺激，引起纹状体多巴胺释放，该释放与刺激时间锁定，并随着刺激频率逐渐增加。结论。在这里，作者报告了一系列在大鼠大脑中进行的原理验证测试，证明 MINCS 是一种可靠且灵活的刺激设备，当与 WINCS 结合使用时，可以在执行无伪影神经化学记录的同时进行无线控制刺激。这些发现表明，神经化学记录与神经刺激的整合可能是开发用于人类应用的闭环 DBS 系统的有用的第一步。
Object. Conventional deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices continue to rely on an open-loop system in which stimulation is independent of functional neural feedback. The authors previously proposed that as the foundation of a DBS "smart" device, a closed-loop system based on neurochemical feedback, may have the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes. Alterations in neurochemical release are thought to be linked to the clinical benefit of DBS, and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) has been shown to be effective for recording these evoked neurochemical changes. However, the combination of FSCV with conventional DBS devices interferes with he recording and identification of the evoked analytes. To integrate neurochemical recording with neurostimulation, the authors developed the Mayo Investigational Neuromodulation Control System (MINCS), a novel, wirelessly controlled stimulation device designed to interface with FSCV performed by their previously described Wireless Instantaneous Neurochemical Concentration Sensing System (WINCS).Methods. To test the functionality of these integrated devices, various frequencies of electrical stimulation were applied by MINCS to the medial forebrain bundle of the anesthetized rat, and striatal dopamine release was recorded by WINCS. The parameters for FSCV in the present study consisted of a pyramidal voltage waveform applied to the carbon-fiber microelectrode every 100 msec, ramping between -0.4 V and +1.5 V with respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode at a scan rate of either 400 V/sec or 1000 V/sec. The carbon-fiber microelectrode was held at the baseline potential of -0.4 V between scans.Results. By using MINCS in conjunction with WINCS coordinated through an optic fiber, the authors interleaved intervals of electrical stimulation with FSCV scans and thus obtained artifact-free wireless FSCV recordings. Electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle in the anesthetized rat by MINCS elicited striatal dopamine release that was time-locked to stimulation and increased progressively with stimulation frequency.Conclusions. Here, the authors report a series of proof-of-principle tests in the rat brain demonstrating MINCS to be a reliable and flexible stimulation device that, when used in conjunction with WINCS, performs wirelessly controlled stimulation concurrent with artifact-free neurochemical recording. These findings suggest that the integration of neurochemical recording with neurostimulation may be a useful first step toward the development of a closed-loop DBS system for human application.