Measurements of Atmospheric Electricity Aloft
Measurements of Atmospheric Electricity Aloft
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DOI：
10.1007/s10712-012-9188-9
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kerianne Nicoll
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kerianne Nicoll
200多年来，人们通过各种不同的平台，包括风筝、气球、火箭和飞机，对地表上方的大气电特性进行了测量。通过这些测量，获得了关于大气电学特性的大量信息，有助于我们了解全球大气电路、雷暴带电和闪电产生机制、发现雷暴上方的瞬变发光事件等许多电气现象。本文概述了大气电学测量的历史，从最早的载人气球升空到今天用自由气球和飞机进行的观测。描述了在一系列气象条件下的大气电参数的测量，包括晴朗空气条件、污染条件、非雷雨云和雷雨云，跨越了从晴朗天气到最活跃的一系列大气条件。
Measurements of the electrical characteristics of the atmosphere above the surface have been made for over 200 years, from a variety of different platforms, including kites, balloons, rockets and aircraft. From these measurements, a great deal of information about the electrical characteristics of the atmosphere has been gained, assisting our understanding of the global atmospheric electric circuit, thunderstorm electrification and lightning generation mechanisms, discovery of transient luminous events above thunderstorms and many other electrical phenomena. This paper surveys the history of atmospheric electrical measurements aloft, from the earliest manned balloon ascents to current day observations with free balloons and aircraft. Measurements of atmospheric electrical parameters in a range of meteorological conditions are described, including clear air conditions, polluted conditions, non-thunderstorm clouds, and thunderstorm clouds, spanning a range of atmospheric conditions, from fair weather to the most electrically active.