Space flight and bone formation
Space flight and bone formation
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DOI：
10.1002/mawe.200400840
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Doty, SB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doty, SB
航天飞行过程中发生的主要生理变化包括骨丢失、肌肉萎缩、心血管和免疫反应改变。当试图确定为什么在太空飞行中发生骨质流失的原因时，必须记住，所有这些生理和代谢的其他变化也可能对骨骼系统产生影响。然而，对于骨，正常负重的作用是一个主要问题，我们还没有发现可以防止骨丢失的适当的负重替代品。在研究这个问题的过程中，我们学到了很多关于骨骼生理学的知识，并增加了我们对正常骨骼如何形成和维持的知识。目前，我们还没有足够的地面模型来模拟太空飞行中发生的组织损失，但这种情况非常类似于骨质疏松症中的骨丢失。虽然正常的骨结构将通过形成新骨来响应机械力和承重的施加，但是弱化的骨化性骨可能具有骨折的倾向。对失重条件下骨骼系统的研究最终将产生预防措施，并为长期太空飞行中保护机组人员奠定基础。这些研究的额外好处将是治疗地球上发生的骨质流失状况的方法。
Major physiological changes which occur during spaceflight include bone loss, muscle atrophy, cardiovascular and immune response alterations. When trying to determine the reason why bone loss occurs during spaceflight, one must remember that all these other changes in physiology and metabolism may also have impact on the skeletal system. For bone, however, the role of normal weight bearing is a major concern and we have found no adequate substitute for weight bearing which can prevent bone loss. During the study of this problem, we have learned a great deal about bone physiology and increased our knowledge about how normal bone is formed and maintained. Presently, we do not have adequate ground based models which can mimic the tissue loss that occurs in spaceflight but this condition closely resembles the bone loss seen with osteoporosis. Although a normal bone structure will respond to application of mechanical force and weight bearing by forming new bone, a weakened osteoporotic bone may have a tendency to fracture. The study of the skeletal system during weightless conditions will eventually produce preventative measures and form a basis for protecting the crew during long term space flight. The added benefit from these studies will be methods to treat bone loss conditions which occur here on earth.