Julia Kristeva: Abjection, Embodiment and Boundaries
Julia Kristeva: Abjection, Embodiment and Boundaries
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朱莉娅·克里斯蒂娃：屈辱、体现和界限
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
T. Rudge
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作者：
T. Rudge
本章的目的是探索Julia Kristeva对具体化和边界工作的方法如何扩展对脆弱性、厌恶、恐怖和不确定性如何塑造医疗实践的理解。克里斯特瓦的全部作品基于拉康的精神分析理论和概念，以及来自社会和文学研究的方法。在本章的案例中，重点放在她对卑微的心理防御机制的理论上--对卑微的反应，身份、秩序或系统被打乱。卑鄙的人，这是我们在这里关注的焦点，是卑鄙的身体，但卑鄙的人也可能是污染的社会状况和活动，对被认为是正确的东西的背叛，以及被认为是被玷污、污名或与破坏我们的确定感有关的社会地位。这样的分析提供了一种可能性，既可以表达泄漏的身体的重要性和不可理解性，也可以表达疾病和疾病的混乱，以及它们有时的怪物。一项关于贫穷的分析表明，医疗保健中有很多地方被认为是“不合适的”。在这种情况下，我引用了与健康相关的做法的例子，以表明对屈辱的情感防御与关于缺乏边界、玷污主观性的解释以及当动员各种努力重新获得边界和确定性时是什么在运作的相关性。
The purpose of this chapter is to explore how Julia Kristeva’s approach to embodiment and boundary work extends understandings of how vulnerability, disgust, horror and uncertainty shape healthcare practices. Kristeva’s oeuvre is based in Lacanian psychoanalytic theories and concepts as well as approaches from social and literary studies. In the case of this chapter, the focus is on her theorisation of the psychological defence mechanism of abjection — a response to the abject, where identity, order or system are thrown into disarray. The abject, which is our focus here, is the abject body, but the abject can also be social situations and activities that are polluting, betrayals of what is considered ‘right’, and social positions that are considered defiled, stigmatised or associated with what destabilises our sense of certainty. Such an analysis affords the possibility of voicing both the significance and incomprehensibility of bodies that leak, the chaos of illness and disease, and their sometime monstrosity. An analysis of abjection situates much that is deemed ‘out of place’ in healthcare. As this is the case, I draw on instances of health-related practices to show the relevance of the emotional defence of abjection to explanations about lack of boundaries, sullying of subjectivities and what is in operation when various attempts to regain boundedness and certainty are mobilised.