Influence of sulfur on apparent N-use efficiency, yield and quality of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown on a calcareous soil
Influence of sulfur on apparent N-use efficiency, yield and quality of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown on a calcareous soil
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DOI：
10.1016/s1161-0301(99)00052-0
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Frossard, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fismes, J;Vong, PC;Frossard, E
在洛林地区，用于冬季油菜的主要土壤是石灰质。采用盆栽试验和田间试验相结合的方法，研究了不同施硫水平对油菜氮素表观利用效率、产量、硫甙和含油量的影响。土壤接受恒定剂量的200 kg N ha（-1）作为硝酸铵，尿素或牛粪和三个水平的S：0，30和75 kg ha（-1）作为硫代硫酸铵（ATS），MgSO 4或ATS加MgSO 4。很明显，油菜是一种氮效率低下的作物，表现为较低的ANU值，从田间试验中变化在36%和53%之间，而在控制条件下变化在25%和61%之间。在这两种情况下，S添加仅在75 kg S ha（-1）的最高剂量下提高了N的利用效率，而ATS在35 kg S ha（-1）（10%v/v）下无法达到这一水平。硫肥增加GLS含量，被认为是负相关的植物N/S吸收比观察成熟。在盆栽实验中，用牛粪注意到GLS含量最重要的增加52%。但是，作为一个整体，GLS水平仍然低于18 μ mol/g种子（-1）的欧洲标准。施N、S和不施S均降低了种子含油量（% DM），但提高了总产量。结果表明，氮、硫营养在生长过程中有着密切的联系。它们的相互作用，反映了植物的吸收，是协同作用，在最佳的速度和拮抗剂在过量的水平之一。总的来说，结果表明，硫肥需要提高氮的利用效率，从而保持足够的油水平和脂肪酸质量。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
In the Lorraine region, major soils used for winter oilseed rape are calcareous. Across two pot and two field experiments, we studied the influence of sulfur applied at different levels on apparent N-use efficiency (ANU), yield, glucosinolate (GLS) and oil content of seeds. The soil received a constant dose of 200 kg N ha(-1) as ammonium nitrate, urea or cow slurry and three levels of S: 0, 30 and 75 kg ha(-1) as ammonium thiosulfate (ATS), MgSO4 or ATS plus MgSO4. Apparently, oilseed rape is a N-inefficient crop as revealed by low ANU values which varied within 36 and 53% from field experiment versus 25 and 61% under controlled conditions. In both cases, S additions improved N-use efficiency only at the highest dose of 75 kg S ha(-1), which is not attained by ATS with 35 kg S ha(-1) (10% v/v). S fertilization increased the GLS contents that were found to be negatively correlated with plant N/S uptake ratios observed at maturity. The most important increase in GLS content by 52% was noted with cow slurry in the pot experiment. But, as a whole, the GLS levels remain below the European norm of 18 mu mol g seed(-1). Moreover, the oil content (% DM) of seeds decreased (but the total production increased) when the soil was fertilized with N and with or without S. The results showed that N and S nutrition during the growth were tightly linked. Their interactions, as reflected by plant uptake, are synergistic at optimum rates and antagonistic at excessive levels of one of the both. Collectively, the results indicate that S fertilization is required to improve N-use efficiency and thereby maintaining a sufficient oil level and fatty acid quality. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.