Biofilm in endodontics: A review.
Biofilm in endodontics: A review.
复制标题
牙髓学中的生物膜：评论。
DOI：
10.4103/2231-0762.151956
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Mehta LK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jhajharia K;Parolia A;Shetty KV;Mehta LK
根管病是一种由生物膜介导的感染，根管病治疗的主要目的是清除根管系统中的细菌生物膜。最常见的根管感染是由微生物的表面相关生长引起的。将生物膜概念应用于根管微生物学以了解根管微生物群的致病潜力以及形成新的消毒方法的基础是重要的。了解根管细菌形成的生物膜如何抵抗根管治疗措施至关重要。细菌病原学已被证实为常见的口腔疾病，如龋齿和牙周和牙髓感染。引起这些疾病的细菌被组织在生物膜结构中，生物膜结构是由具有不同生态要求和致病潜力的各种细菌组成的复杂微生物群落。生物膜群落不仅为细菌提供针对宿主防御系统的有效保护，而且还使它们对用作口腔卫生产品或治疗感染的各种消毒剂更具抵抗力。这些疾病的成功治疗取决于生物膜的去除以及生物膜细菌的有效杀灭。因此，控制口腔生物膜是维护口腔健康，预防龋齿、牙龈炎、牙周炎的根本。从这些方面来看，生物膜的形成具有特别的临床意义，因为不仅宿主防御机制，而且包括化学和机械抗微生物处理措施在内的治疗努力都具有处理聚集在生物膜中的生物体的最困难任务。本文就生物膜的形成机制、在牙髓病和根尖周病中的作用、生物膜的类型、影响生物膜形成的因素、生物膜的耐药机制、生物膜的鉴定技术等方面进行综述。
Endodontic disease is a biofilm-mediated infection, and primary aim in the management of endodontic disease is the elimination of bacterial biofilm from the root canal system. The most common endodontic infection is caused by the surface-associated growth of microorganisms. It is important to apply the biofilm concept to endodontic microbiology to understand the pathogenic potential of the root canal microbiota as well as to form the basis for new approaches for disinfection. It is foremost to understand how the biofilm formed by root canal bacteria resists endodontic treatment measures. Bacterial etiology has been confirmed for common oral diseases such as caries and periodontal and endodontic infections. Bacteria causing these diseases are organized in biofilm structures, which are complex microbial communities composed of a great variety of bacteria with different ecological requirements and pathogenic potential. The biofilm community not only gives bacteria effective protection against the host's defense system but also makes them more resistant to a variety of disinfecting agents used as oral hygiene products or in the treatment of infections. Successful treatment of these diseases depends on biofilm removal as well as effective killing of biofilm bacteria. So, the fundamental to maintain oral health and prevent dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis is to control the oral biofilms. From these aspects, the formation of biofilms carries particular clinical significance because not only host defense mechanisms but also therapeutic efforts including chemical and mechanical antimicrobial treatment measures have the most difficult task of dealing with organisms that are gathered in a biofilm. The aim of this article was to review the mechanisms of biofilms’ formation, their roles in pulpal and periapical pathosis, the different types of biofilms, the factors influencing biofilm formation, the mechanisms of their antimicrobial resistance, techniques to identify biofilms.