A QUANTITATIVE GENETIC MODEL OF ALTRUISTIC SELECTION
A QUANTITATIVE GENETIC MODEL OF ALTRUISTIC SELECTION
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00310986
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
CHEVERUD, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHEVERUD, JM
在农业遗传学中家系选择模型的基础上，提出了一个利他选择进化的数量遗传模型。一个定量遗传版本的汉密尔顿的规则，这表明，进化将进行在一个利他主义的方向时，之间的比率，以内家庭（或组）的遗传力超过绝对值的内家庭之间的选择差比。这个遗传力的比率等于只包括表型和遗传的组内相关系数的比率，因此在确定利他进化的可能性时实际上不需要估计遗传力。表型组内相关性可以用标准方差分析方法估计。遗传组内相关性可以通过使用谱系数据的平均组内关系系数、使用等位基因频率数据的赖特F统计量或基于相互作用和交配模式知识的理论模型来估计。选择差异可以通过相对适合度或其主要成分之一对感兴趣的表型的回归来测量。只有当家族内和家族间的选择差异具有相反的符号时，选择才能被认为是利他的。考虑遗传和表型的组内相关性的经验数据表明，进化可能会进行利他主义的方向，即使在家庭内的选择差异超过家庭之间的，特别是在相关的环境因素随机分布在家庭之间的情况下。
A quantitative genetic model for evolution by altruistic selection based on family selection models used in agricultural genetics is presented. A quantitative genetic version of Hamilton''s rule is derived which indicates that evolution will proceed in an altruistic direction whenever the ratio of between-to within-family (or group) heritability exceeds the absolute value of the within-to between-family selection differential ratio. This ratio of heritabilities is equal to a ratio which includes only the phenotypic and genetic intraclass correlation coefficients, thus no heritabilities actually need to be estimated in determining the possibility of altruistic evolution. The phenotypic intraclass correlation can be estimated with standard analysis of variance methods. The genetic intraclass correlation may be estimated by the average within-group coefficient of relationship using genealogical data, by Wright''s F-statistics using allele frequency data, or by a theoretical model based on a knowledge of interaction and mating patterns. Selection differentials may be measured by the regression of relative fitness, or one of it''s major components, on the phenotype of interest. Selection can be considered altruistic only if within- and between-family selection differentials have opposite signs. Consideration of empirical data on genetic and phenotypic intraclass correlations indicates that evolution may proceed in an altruistic direction even if the within-family selection differential exceeds the one between families, especially in situations in which pertinent environmental factors are randomly distributed among families.