Where's the ball? Two- and three-year-olds reason about unseen events
Where's the ball? Two- and three-year-olds reason about unseen events
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.36.3.394
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Clifton, RK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berthier, NE;DeBlois, S;Clifton, RK
2岁、21/2岁和3岁的儿童参与了一项搜索任务，在该任务中，他们打开封堵器中的4个门中的1个，以取回在封堵器后面滚动的球。正确的门是由放置在封堵器后面的部分可见的墙确定的，封堵器阻止了看不见的球的运动。只有年龄最大的一组孩子能够可靠地选择正确的门。如果玩具通过打开门从前面隐藏，所有孩子都能够取回隐藏在同一装置中的玩具。对年龄较小的孩子的错误分析表明，他们并没有随机搜索，而是使用了各种各样的策略。皮亚杰的观点认为，使用表征来指导行动的能力在生命的最初几年发展缓慢，结果是一致的。
Children 2, 21/2, and 3 years of age engaged in a search task in which they opened 1 of 4 doors in an occluder to retrieve a ball that had been rolled behind the occluder. The correct door was determined by a partially visible wall placed behind the occluder that stopped the motion of the unseen ball. Only the oldest group of children was able to reliably choose the correct door. All children were able to retrieve a toy that had been hidden in the same apparatus if the toy was hidden from the front by opening a door. Analysis of the younger children's errors indicated that they did not search randomly but instead used a variety of strategies. The results are consistent with the Piagetian view that the ability to use representations to guide action develops slowly over the first years of life.