Seasonal abundance and survivorship of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a southern California dairy, with reference to potential bluetongue virus transmission and persistence
Seasonal abundance and survivorship of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a southern California dairy, with reference to potential bluetongue virus transmission and persistence
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-37.5.675
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Mullens, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerry, AC;Mullens, BA
1995年1月至1997年12月在美国加州南部的一个奶牛场调查了库蠓的季节性数量和存活率。昆虫收集一至两次，每周使用5个CDC型吸捕器（无光）诱饵与CO，在一个恒定的释放速率为1,000毫升/分钟。女性和男性的丰度是最大的夏末和初秋，并与月平均气温直接相关。雌性的产次在夏末秋初最低。生殖营养周期估计在炎热的夏季需要3-4 d，在凉爽的冬季需要14 d。8月和9月蓝舌病病毒（BLU）的体外潜伏期估计为9-10 d。估计的日存活率在冬季为95%，导致夏季的预期寿命仅为2-3天，冬季>10天。在夏末和夏初，雌性动物度过BLU病毒外源性潜伏期的概率和感染寿命的期望值都最低。在1997年，在夏末的蠓丰度不高，足以克服非常低的生存率，和绝对数量的女性预期生存的外在潜伏期。相对较低。然而，在1995年和1996年，非常高的摇蚊丰富补偿低生存率在夏季和女性的数量预计生存的外在潜伏期是相对较高的。虽然在寒冷的冬季和春季，数量通常很低，但全年都有寻找寄主的雌性被捕获，它们的冬季生存率很高。BLU病毒通过活跃的蠓继续传播越冬似乎是可能的。
Seasonal abundance and survivorship of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones were examined at a dairy in southern California fi om January 1995 to December 1997. Insects were collected one to two times per week using five CDC-type suction traps (without light) baited with CO, at a constant release rate of 1,000 ml/min. Female and male abundance was greatest during late summer and early fall and was directly correlated with mean monthly air temperature. Parity of females was lowest during late summer and early fall. The gonotrophic cycle was estimated to require 3-4 d during hot summer months and up to 14 d during cool winter months. Estimated extrinsic incubation of bluetongue virus (BLU) was 9-10 d during August and September. The estimated daily survival ranged from 95% in the winter, resulting in an expectation of life of only 2-3 d in summer and >10 d in winter. The probability of females surviving the extrinsic incubation period for BLU virus, and the expectation of infective life were both lowest during late summer and early Fail. During 1997, midge abundance during late summer was not high enough to overcome very low survivorship, and the absolute number of females expected to survive the extrinsic incubation period. was relatively low. However, in 1995 and 1996, very high midge abundance compensated for low survivorship during summer and the number of females expected to survive the extrinsic incubation period was relatively high. Although abundance was generally very low during the cool winter and spring, host-seeking females were captured throughout the year, and their winter survival was high. Overwintering of BLU virus by continued transmission of the virus by active midges appears possible.