The Ambivalent Role of lncRNA Xist in Carcinogenesis
The Ambivalent Role of lncRNA Xist in Carcinogenesis
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DOI：
10.1007/s12015-019-9871-z
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Yen, Yun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yung-Kang;Yen, Yun
长链非编码RNA (lncRNA) Xist是哺乳动物在胚胎发育过程中通过随机失活一条X染色体进行剂量补偿的关键调节因子。Xist缺失引起的X染色体失活（XCI）失调已被证明可诱发小鼠血液病。然而，这种现象在人类中并不一致，因为越来越多的证据表明，Xist可以抑制或促进人体不同器官的癌症生长。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了XCI在人类胚胎干细胞中的最新进展，并为Xist在人类癌症发展中看似矛盾的作用提供了解释。
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Xist has emerged as a key modulator in dosage compensation by randomly inactivating one of the X chromosomes in mammals during embryonic development. Dysregulation of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) due to deletion of Xist has been proven to induce hematologic cancer in mice. However, this phenomenon is not consistent in humans as growing evidence suggests Xist can suppress or promote cancer growth in different organs of the human body. In this review, we discuss recent advances of XCI in human embryonic stem cells and provide an explanation for the seemingly contradictory roles of Xist in development of human cancer.